关键词: 交通工程, 跟驰行为, 轨迹数据, 随机特征, Newell模型

Abstract:

In order to study the car following behavior on expressways, high-time resolution trajectory data of motor- vehicles were extracted from the traffic video of the expressway in Beijing. First, it is found that under different speed intervals, the headway of the following vehicle obeys the lognormal distribution. Second, the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm was used to extract parameters including reaction time and disturbance propagation speed, and the probability distribution functions were respectively calibrated. It is proved that the peak of the reaction time distribution falls into the interval of 1.0 s and the mathematical expectation of the reaction time is 1.57 s. Further, a novel stochastic Newell car- following model based on the disturbance propagation characteristics was proposed considering the relationship among reaction time, disturbance propagation speed, and time headway. The parameters of disturbance propagation speed under different speed intervals were demarcated. Finally, the simulation analysis shows that the new stochastic Newell model can better characterize the stochastic characteristics of car-following behavior and disturbance propagation, and generate the expected traffic flow fundamental diagram.

Key words: traffic engineering, car-following behavior, trajectory data, stochastic characteristics, Newell model