交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 102-112.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.02.010

• 智能交通系统与信息技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

动态引导与语音对高速收费站前车辆主线换道行为的影响

向往1 ，唐司杨1 ，王云2 ，薛晴婉*3   

  1. 1. 长沙理工大学，交通学院，长沙410114；2.北京交通大学，交通运输学院，北京100044； 3. 北方工业大学，电气与控制工程学院，北京100144
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-18 修回日期:2025-12-28 接受日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-04-20
  • 作者简介:向往（1988—），男，湖北公安人，副教授。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52302385)；湖南省自然科学基金 (2026JJ50535 )。

Effects of Dynamic Guidance and Voice Prompts on Mainline Lane-changing Behavior of Vehicles Upstream of Expressway Toll Plazas

XIANG Wang1, TANG Siyang1, WANG Yun2, XUE Qingwan*3   

  1. 1. School of Transportation, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; 2. School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; 3. School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
  • Received:2025-11-18 Revised:2025-12-28 Accepted:2026-01-06 Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-04-20
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (52302385)；Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (2026JJ50535 )。

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摘要： 针对电子不停车收费（Electronic Toll Collection, ETC）车辆数量增加后高速公路收费站通道配置变化引发的驾驶员行为适应性问题，本文将需要换道的人工收费车辆作为引导对象，提出基于可变信息标志（Variable Message Sign, VMS）和语音提示的动态引导优化方法，旨在帮助驾驶员提前获知目标通道方向并尽早平稳换至合适车道进入收费广场。在驾驶模拟实验中设计静态引导（Static Guidance,SG）、VMS引导（Variable Message guidance, VM）和“VMS+语音”联合引导（Voice & Variable Message guidance, VVM）这3种引导方案，并测试不同交通流量下的引导效果。实验结果表明，首先，VMS动态引导可缩短换道反应时间17.09%，“VMS+语音”联合引导可缩短换道反应时间24.91%；其次，车流密度并不影响引导方案间呈现的优化效果趋势，但高流量下换道反应时间延长19.56%，平均速度降低10.29%，换道持续距离缩短15.25%；最后，与男性驾驶员相比，女性驾驶员换道平均速度慢7.48%，换道持续距离显著缩短30.58%。研究结果表明，在有条件的地方设置动态引导对于减少收费广场的车辆流线交叉，以及提升通行效率和驾驶安全有积极作用。

关键词: 交通工程, 引导标志系统, 广义估计方程, 换道行为, 高速公路收费站

Abstract: In response to the adaptation issues of driver behavior caused by the configuration changes of lanes of highway toll booths following the increment of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) vehicles, this paper proposes a dynamic guidance optimization method based on Variable Message Signs (VMS) and voice prompts by taking the manually-tolling vehicles that need to change lanes as the guiding objects. The goal is to help drivers to learn the direction of their target lanes in advance and smoothly switch to the appropriate lane to enter the toll plaza. Three guidance schemes are designed in a driving simulation experiment: Static Guidance (SG), VMS Guidance (VM), and "VMS+Voice" combined guidance (Voice & Variable Message Guidance, VVM). The guidance effects under different traffic flow conditions are tested. The experimental results show that VMS dynamic guidance can reduce lane-change reaction time by 17.09%, while the "VMS+Voice" combined guidance can reduce lane-change reaction time by 24.91%. Furthermore, traffic density does not affect the comparative trend of the guidance effects among different schemes. But under high traffic flow, the lane-change reaction time increases by 19.56%, average speed decreases by 10.29%, and lane-change duration decreases by 15.25%. Lastly, compared to male drivers, female drivers have a 7.48% slower average lane-change speed, and a significantly shorter lane-change duration by 30.58%. The results suggest that the implementation of the dynamic guidance in suitable locations can effectively reduce the vehicle flow conflicts at toll plazas, improve traffic efficiency, and enhance driving safety.

Key words: traffic engineering, guidance sign system, Generalized Estimating Equations, lane-changing behavior, highway toll station

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