Hybrid Fleet Size Optimization Considering Vehicle
Relocation and Staff Allocation

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2021.06.016

Abstract

Abstract: To resolve the contradiction between the travel range of electric vehicles and the environmental pollution of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, this paper proposes an optimization method for hybrid fleet carsharing systems. Firstly, the effects of dynamic vehicle relocation and real-time staff assignment on the demand satisfaction and vehicle utilization are analyzed without considering costs. We focus on a hybrid carsharing system with traditional internal combustion vehicles, hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and pure-electric vehicles. Based on vehicle relocation and staff allocation, a hybrid fleet optimization model is built for profit maximization restricted by total CO2 emissions and road congestion. The mixed-integer linear programming model mentioned above is solved by Gurobi coding by Matlab. Taking Chengdu as an example, the impacts of CO2 emission constraints and vehicle relocation are analyzed on the operators' profits, different fleet sizes, vehicle utilization rates, and user demand satisfaction rates. Moreover, the hybrid fleet carsharing system is compared against a single fleet carsharing system. It is concluded that the hybrid fleet and the single plug-in hybrid fleet are the most suitable models for the development of carsharing systems, which can achieve the win-win of economic benefit and environmental benefit.

Key words: urban traffic, carsharing, hybrid fleet, vehicle relocation, staff assignment, Gurobi solver

摘要： 针对电动汽车存在充电续航问题与传统燃油汽车存在环境污染问题的矛盾，本文提出共享汽车混合车队规模优化方法。首先，在不考虑成本条件下，分析动态车辆调度和实时调度员分配对共享汽车系统需求满足和车辆利用的影响。然后，针对由传统内燃汽车、混合动力汽车、插入式混合动力汽车和纯电动汽车构成的混合共享汽车系统，考虑车辆调度和调度员分配，以运营商利润最大化为目标，CO2排放量和道路拥堵为约束，构建混合车队规模优化模型。通过Matlab 调用Gurobi求解器求解上述混合整数线性规划模型。最后，以成都市为例，分析不同CO2排放量约束，以及车辆调度对共享汽车运营商利润、不同类型的车队规模、车辆利用率和用户需求满足率的影响。同时，比较单一车队和混合车队共享汽车系统，结果显示，混合车队和单一插入式混合动力车队可以实现经济效益和环境效益的双赢，是目前最适合共享汽车系统发展的模式。

关键词: 城市交通, 共享汽车, 混合车队, 车辆调度, 调度员分配, Gurobi求解器

CLC Number:

U491

JIANG Yang-sheng, WU Jia-yuan, HU Lu. Hybrid Fleet Size Optimization Considering Vehicle Relocation and Staff Allocation[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2021, 21(6): 145-152.

蒋阳升, 吴佳媛, 胡路. 考虑车辆调度和调度员分配的共享汽车混合车队规模优化[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2021, 21(6): 145-152.

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URL: http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2021.06.016

http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/Y2021/V21/I6/145

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Hybrid Fleet Size Optimization Considering Vehicle Relocation and Staff Allocation

考虑车辆调度和调度员分配的共享汽车混合车队规模优化

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