Abstract: Reducing energy consumption is crucial for developing green, low-carbon, and sustainable rail transit. Based on the principle of "running fast during peak hours for transport capacity assurance, running slowly during off- peak hours for energy consumption reduction", this paper proposes an energy-efficient timetable optimization method based on different time criteria during peak and off-peak hours. First, an optimization model considering the characteristics of passenger service demand was developed based on the negative correlation between train running time and traction energy consumption. The objective was to reduce train traction energy consumption. Then, to address the uneven train service issue resulting from different time criteria during the transit period between peak and off-peak hours, this study developed an optimization model for train service to minimize the variability in train arrival intervals. The empirical analysis was conducted for Fuzhou Metro Line 1. The results demonstrate that the energy-efficient timetable based on different time criteria achieved a 12.56% reduction in traction energy consumption, while maintaining the transport capacity and the number of rolling stock unchanged. The proposed method is practical and valuable, providing operational managers with methods for energy-efficient timetabling.

Key words: urban traffic, energy-efficient timetable, different time criteria, traction energy consumption, train service equilibrium

摘要： 降低能耗是轨道交通绿色低碳、可持续发展的关键。基于“高峰快跑保运力、平峰慢跑降能耗”的思想，本文提出在高平峰时段设置差异化标尺的节能运行图优化方法。首先，根据区间运行时间与列车牵引能耗负相关关系，结合客运服务需求特征，以列车周转牵引能耗最小化为目标构建列车运行标尺优化模型；其次，针对差异化标尺导致的过渡时段列车服务不均匀问题，以列车到站间隔标准差最小化为目标构建列车运行线调整模型；最后，选取福州地铁1号线开展实证分析。结果表明：高平峰差异化标尺节能运行图能够在不改变运力供给、车底运用数量的前提下有效降低全日列车牵引能耗12.56%。所构建方法具有良好的应用价值和可操作性，能够为运营管理人员编制节能运行图提供方法支持。

关键词: 城市交通, 节能运行图, 差异化标尺, 牵引能耗, 列车服务均衡性