Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 178-185.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2022.02.017

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Optimal Wage Level for Ride-sourcing Drivers Under Uncertainty of Travel Demand

WANG Jing-peng1a, 1b , ZHU Rui1a, 1b , WANG Peng-fei* 2, 3   

  1. 1a. School of Management; 1b. Shandong Key Laboratory of Social Supernetwork Computation and Decision Simulation, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Green Construction and Intelligent Maintenance for Civil Engineering of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Analysis and Decision for Traffic System of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
  • Received:2021-10-10 Revised:2021-12-19 Accepted:2021-12-21 Online:2022-04-25 Published:2022-04-23
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (72001127)；Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2021407007)； Youth Fund of Humanities and Social Science of the Ministry of Education of China (21YJCZH162)。

需求不确定下的网约车司机最优工资水平研究

王景鹏1a, 1b，祝蕊1a, 1b，王鹏飞* 2, 3   

  1. 1. 山东大学，a. 管理学院，b. 社会超网络计算与决策模拟实验室，济南250100； 2. 燕山大学，河北省土木工程绿色建造与智能运维重点实验室，河北 秦皇岛 066004； 3. 河北科技师范学院，秦皇岛市交通系统智能分析与决策重点实验室，河北 秦皇岛 066004
  • 作者简介:王景鹏(1990- )，男，山东安丘人，副研究员，博士
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金；河北省自然科学基金面上项目；教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目

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Abstract: In the ride-sourcing system, the demand uncertainty of passengers will affect the setting of the wage for ridesourcing drivers, which in turn changes the platform's profit. This paper studies the optimal wage level for ridesourcing drivers under demand uncertainty. According to the mathematical description of the problem, we assume the travel demand follows a random distribution, and the number of drivers follows the labor supply theory. To describe the matching relationship between passengers and drivers, the perfect matching function widely used in the ride-sourcing market is adopted. In this way, a model framework for solving the platform's profit-maximization problem is established. We find that there is the optimal wage level that maximizes the platform's profit, and the optimal wage level, the number of drivers is positively related with the maximum travel demand, while the optimal wage level is negatively correlated with the platform's influence. Finally, our model gives an optimal solution that maximizes the expected platform's profit, compared with the average model, the optimal solution has a certain robustness and effectively protects the platform's profit. The results revealed in this paper show that the optimal wage model can be effectively applied to the ride-sourcing system under demand uncertainty

Key words: transportation economy, driver's wage level, travel demand uncertainty, platform's profit, ride- sourcing system

摘要： 在网约车出行系统中，乘客出行需求的不确定性会影响网约车平台制定合理的工资水平， 进而影响平台利润。本文研究出行需求不确定下的网约车司机工资水平。根据问题的数学描述，假设实际出行需求服从随机分布，司机数量供给服从劳动力供给理论，采用网约车研究领域广泛采纳的精准乘客-司机匹配函数描述乘客与司机间的匹配关系。在此基础上，建立求解网约车平台利润最大化的模型框架。案例研究发现：存在最优的工资水平，使得网约车平台利润最大化；最优工资水平、司机人数与乘客最大需求正相关，最优工资水平与平台影响力负相关；本模型给出期望利润最大化下的最优解，比平均值模型具有一定的鲁棒性，有效保障网约车平台利润。 结果表明，本文建立的最优工资水平模型可以有效研究需求不确定性下的网约车出行系统。

关键词: 交通运输经济, 司机工资水平, 交通需求不确定性, 平台利润, 网约车系统

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