Abstract: Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, as a fundamental infrastructure sector of the
national economy, transportation plays an important role in supporting the operation and development of the economy
and meeting the high-quality travel needs of residents. To achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, it is crucial to
effectively utilize both air transportation and high-speed rail transportation by promoting a reasonable market share
between them and optimizing the structure of the transportation system. The theme of the forum is "Strategies for the
High-quality Development of Air and High-speed Rail Transportation under the Goal of Carbon Peaking and Carbon
Neutrality". The forum analyzed the service levels of air transportation and high-speed rail transportation and proposed
measures to improve them. It analyzed the challenges of energy conservation and emissions reduction faced by air
transportation and proposed suggestion for low- carbon development pathways. It also introduced the low- carbon
development history of railway transportation in typical developed countries or regions and analyzed the low- carbon
development path and essential tasks of China's railway industry. The forum analyzed the characteristics of
transportation mode choice and the impact of travel distance, travel time, and other influencing factors in business travel
and personal travel. It investigated the factors, cumulative effects, and potential of different groups of travelers on the
modal shift from air to rail.

Key words: railway transportation, air transportation, high-speed railway, low-carbon development pathways; transportation mode choice

摘要： 双碳战略背景下，交通运输作为国民经济的基础设施部门，在有效支撑国民经济运行与发展，满足居民高质量出行的前提下，有效发挥民航与高铁两种运输方式的作用，促进高铁与民航间的合理分工，对双碳战略的实现以及交通运输系统结构优化具有重要意义。本次论坛以“‘双碳’目标下高铁与民航高质量发展策略”为主题，对比分析高铁与民航的服务水平，并提出改善对策；分析民航节能减排面临的挑战和压力，提出民航低碳发展路径；介绍典型发达国家地区铁路运输低碳发展历程，提出我国铁路行业低碳发展路径和重，点任务；分析因公出差群体和因私出行群体的出行距离特征、出行时耗特征及方式选择影响因素，分类分析空转铁不同转化意愿群体的转化影响因素、转化累积效果以及转化潜力。

关键词: 铁路运输, 航空运输, 高速铁路, 减排路径, 交通方式选择