Analysis of Microscopic Driving Behavior and Modeling of Decision-making Effected by Green Signal Countdown

Abstract

Abstract:

Driving behavior during the signal switching interval is crucial to the safety of urban traffic, this paper investes the microscopic driving behavior and“go/stop”decision which are affected by the green signal countdown (GSC). Firstly, a single- blind experiment is conducted using the eight- degree- of- freedom driving simulator, and the approach velocity, perception-reaction time, and deceleration of vehicles is obtained. Secondly, the microscopic driving behavior from entering the intersection to the stop line is described in detail. Thirdly, a random- effect Logistic model is built to describe the“go/stop”decision, and the explanatory variables in this model included traffic parameters and drivers’ individual characteristics. The results show that, when entering the intersection, the vehicle will first slow down , then speed up, and then slow down again, moreover, the acceleration usually appears at a distance of 30~40m from the stop line, this shows that GSC and the early stage yellow light has an obvious urging effect on drivers. Secondly, vehicle’s velocity, distance from the stop line, driver’s age and sex has a significant influence on the "pass/stop" decision. The random- effect Logistic model can express the factors not in the model and the heterogeneity of intersections and drivers better.

Key words: traffic engineering, driving behavior, driving simulator, green signal countdown, random- effect Logistic model

摘要：

机动车在交叉口信号相位切换期间的驾驶行为对于城市道路交通安全至为重要，本文对绿灯倒计时影响下的机动车微观驾驶行为与“通过/停止”决策进行研究.首先，利用驾驶模拟器进行1组单盲实验来提取车辆的接近速度、反应时间、减速度等参数.其次，详细地刻画了车辆进入交叉口范围至行驶至停止线全过程的微观驾驶行为.再次，综合交通因素及驾驶员个体特征等解释变量，建立了随机效应Logistic模型以描述车辆的“通过/停止”决策行为.结果表明：车辆进入交叉口范围后会“先减速，再加速，再减速”，加速通常出现在距停止线30~ 40 m的范围内，且绿灯倒计时与黄灯启亮前期对驾驶员具有催促作用；速度、距离、年龄、性别对车辆的“通过/停止”决策行为具有显著影响；随机效应Logistic模型比Logistic模型更能表征其他未纳入模型的因素及反映不同交叉口与驾驶员的异质性.

关键词: 交通工程, 驾驶行为, 驾驶模拟, 绿灯倒计时, 随机效应Logistic模型

CLC Number:

U491.2+65

JIANG Ze-hao, YANG Xiao-guang, WANG Tao. Analysis of Microscopic Driving Behavior and Modeling of Decision-making Effected by Green Signal Countdown[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2018, 18(2): 66-72.

江泽浩，杨晓光，汪涛. 绿灯倒计时影响下机动车微观驾驶行为分析与决策建模[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2018, 18(2): 66-72.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/abstract/abstract19592.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/Y2018/V18/I2/66

References

[1] 蒲文静. 城市道路平面交叉口交通安全设计研究[D]. 上海: 同济大学, 2004. [PU W J. Study on traffic safety design at urban intersections[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2004.]

[2] 钱红波, 李克平. 绿灯间隔时间对交叉口交通安全的影响研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报. 2008, 18(6): 166- 170. [QIAN H B, LI K P. Study on the influence of green traffic light intervals on the cross traffic[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2008, 18(6): 166-170.]

[3] LUM K M, HALIM H. A before- and- after study on green signal countdown device installation[J]. Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology & Behavior, 2006, 9(1): 29-41.

[4] CHIOU Y C, CHANG C H. Driver responses to green and red vehicular signal countdown displays: Safety and efficiency aspects[J]. Accident, Analysis and Prevention, 2010, 42(4): 1057.

[5] BISWAS S, GHOSH I, CHANDRA S. Influence of signal countdown timer on efficiency and safety at signalized intersections[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017, 44(4): 308-318.

[6] ISHIKURA T, SUZUKI H. Effect of green phase countdown timer on reduction of drivers' dilemma at signalized intersection[J]. Transactions of the JSME (in Japanese), 2016, 82(840): 1-13.

[7] 马新露, 李贝, 许陈蕾, 等. 信号倒计时影响下的进口道交通流分析与建模[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2017, 17(5): 36- 44. [MA X L, LI B, XU C L, et al. Traffic flow on entrance lanes under the influence of signal countdown[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2017, 17(5): 36-44.]

[8] LI Z, WEI H. Modeling dynamics of dilemma zones by formulating dynamical contributing factors with videoobserved trajectory data[J]. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013(80): 880-900.

[9] 王雪松, 李佳, 钟楚君. 机动车闯红灯行为影响因素分析[J]. 城市交通, 2015, 13(6): 73-79. [WANG X S, LI J, ZHONG C J. Drivers' red light running behavior analysis[J]. Urban Transport of China, 2015, 13(6): 73- 79.]

[10] 王奋. 基于安全可靠性的绿灯间隔时间设计理论与方法 [D]. 上海: 同济大学, 2016. [WANG F. Intergreen time design theory and method based on safety reliability[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2016.]

[11] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 中华人民共和国国家标准 GB 50647-2011: 城市道路交叉口规划规范 [M]. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2011. [Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development of the People’s Republic of China. National standards of the People's Republic of China. GB 50647-2011: Code for planning of intersections on urban roads[M]. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2011]

[12] WONG Y D, GOH P K. Perception- braking response time of unaltered drivers at signalized intersections[J]. ITE Journal on the Web, 2001, 183(1): 73-76.

[13] THOMPSON B A. Determining vehicle signal change and clearance intervals[M]. Institute of Transportation Engineers, 1994.

[14] SOHN S Y, HONG S K. Random effects logistic regression model for default prediction of technology credit guarantee fund[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2007, 183(1): 472-478.

[15] MOK M S, SOHN S Y, JU Y H. Random effects logistic regression model for anomaly detection[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2010, 37(10): 7162-7166.

[16] 金丕焕, 陈峰. 医用统计方法[M]. 上海: 复旦大学出版社, 2009. [JIN P H, CHEN F. Medical statistics[M]. Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 2009.]

[17] FU C, ZHANG Y, QI W. Effects of digital countdown timer on intersection safety and efficiency: A systematic review[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2016, 17(1): 98- 103.