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Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

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    25 October 2019, Volume 19 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Decision-making Forum
    Forum about Comprehensive Transportation System
    Intelligent Transportation System and Information Technology
    Systems Engineering Theory and Methods
    Cases Analysis
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    Decision-making Forum
    A Compound Decision Model for Defining Scope of Railway Public-welfare Passenger Transportation
    FENG Fen-ling, XU Yun-ru
    2019, 19(5): 1-6. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (447KB) ( )  

    With the proposal of "basic public services equalization" plan and the promotion of railway "government-enterprise separation" marketization reform, the contradiction between public welfare and commercial service of railway becomes increasingly prominent. Reasonably defining the scope of public welfare passenger transportation is the precondition to alleviate conflicts and realize effective supply. Combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, this paper constructs a compound decision model for defining the scope of railway public welfare passenger transportation based on B- C-C three- stage decision process and PCFA-FCM dimension- reduced clustering algorithm.The B- C-C three- stage decision model takes social benefits, economic condition and practical capability as the hierarchical judgement conditions to realize the top-level decision-making of the scope of public welfare passenger transport. The PCFA-FCM dimension-reduced clustering algorithm solves the problem of quantitative analysis of social benefits (public welfare degree), which is the most difficult step in the actual operation of decision-making process. It can get rid of the constraint of train type, classify the trains according to the actual index attribute.

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    Governmental Intervention Mechanism of Urban Distribution Centers' Layout
    WEI Zhen-lin, LI Shi-long
    2019, 19(5): 7-12. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (386KB) ( )  

    Logistics sprawl has leaded to the increase of negative externalities of distribution activities, which has damaged the public welfare. This paper applies the evolutionary game theory to study the governmental intervention mechanism for the layout of urban distribution centers, establishes a static evolutionary game model between the government and distribution enterprises with considering consumers' green preferences, and analyzes the interaction mechanism between the government and distribution enterprises. Moreover, dynamic tax evolutionary game model is established to explore the direction of system evolution under the dynamic scenario. In the simulation, we compare the merits and demerits of the two scenarios, and make a sensitivity of taxation and consumers' green preferences. The research results show that the evolutionary game system can't reach the asymptotic stable state under the static mechanism, but can reach the asymptotic stable state under the dynamic taxation mechanism, and the level of taxation and consumers' green preference has a significant impact on the decision-making of distribution enterprise.

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    Forum about Comprehensive Transportation System
    Quantitative Study on Interaction Between New Urbanization and Integrated Transportation Development
    MO Yang-hui, ZHANG Pei-lin, XIE Yu-meng
    2019, 19(5): 13-19. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (418KB) ( )  

    For analyze the interaction between the new urbanization and integrated transportation development, the evaluation index was built, and its development trend and characteristics of national and the east, middle and west part of China from 1997 to 2016 were revealed. The combination of time domain and frequency domain analysis is used for analyze the interactive evolution relationship and spatial difference between urbanization and integrated transportation development. The results show that: Firstly, the development of new urbanization and integrated transportation is rising steadily and the regional gap is widening; Secondly, there is a long- term equilibrium interaction between the two, but there are differences in different periods and regions; Thirdly, the integrated transport development has a more significant impact on the new urbanization, and east is higher than west; Fourthly, the integrated transport development in the whole country and the eastern and central regions lags behind the new urbanization, whereas in the western regions it is the opposite.

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    High Speed Rail and Air Transport Competition: A Market-entry Game Approach
    BIAN Qian, SONG Li-ying, MAO Bao-hua, JIANG Xiu-shan
    2019, 19(5): 20-27. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (453KB) ( )  

    This paper develops a market-entry game model to investigate the competitions between air transport and high-speed rail transport (HSR) over medium distance journeys. Ticket price, service frequency and passenger behavior for transport mode switch under the price fluctuation is taken into consideration. A combined set of accommodation strategies and deterrence strategies for the market-entry game model is analyzed under a variety of scenarios. A case study in China is proposed to illustrate the competitions between air and HSR in order to identify the optimal operating strategies for both transport operators. A backward induction method is introduced to solve this problem. Results show that the optimal strategy for HSR is to enter the market with low sunk cost and abundant demand while the optimal strategy for airlines is accommodation.

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    Analysis on Competition Strategies of Inland Ports Considering Hinterland Relationship
    YU Min, XU Mao-zeng
    2019, 19(5): 28-34. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (386KB) ( )  

    To study inland port competition, we assume that each port located in the downriver or upriver can select separately uniform pricing or discriminatory pricing strategies. Through Hotelling model, this paper compares the equilibrium price, market share and profit under 4 different pricing situations, when considering the waterway transportation cost between two ports. Our study shows that port’s equilibrium results are related to the distance between the two ports and the ratio of the unit cost of waterway shipping to road transportation. Meanwhile, the port can get higher market share and profit when it takes discriminatory pricing alone; if we use market share or profit as payment, the Nash equilibrium between one upstream port and another downstream port is still differential pricing strategy.

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    Analyzing and Modeling Commuting Behavior Characteristics in Metropolitan Area
    WANG Sheng-you,WANG Qian, SHAO Chun-fu, DONG Chun-jiao, YUAN Yu-jie
    2019, 19(5): 35-41. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (415KB) ( )  

    In order to study the mode choice behavior of commuting in the metropolitan area, analyze the travel characteristics, reveal the influence of individual attributes, family attributes and travel attributes on the mode choice, this paper established the Nested Logit model for commuting in the metropolitan area, and conducted research on 4 385 commuters in the LangFang“North Three Counties”of the Beijing metropolitan area. The analysis of travel cost, travel time and transfer times have significant effects on the commuter travel mode choice. Two policy improvement schemes, analysis of the change of travel mode partition rate, is proposed to verify the validity of the model. Base on the integrated improvement, the proportion of car mode choice decrease 2.46%, meanwhile, the percentage of bus and subway increase 1.73% and 0.75% respectively. The scheme has a notable result in improving the sharing rate of traffic modes.

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    Intelligent Transportation System and Information Technology
    Analysis and Quantization Algorithm of Information Continuity in Vehicle Guide Sign System
    ZHANG Jian-xu, ZHENG Hai-bing
    2019, 19(5): 42-49. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (588KB) ( )  

    The continuity of guide sign information is the guarantee for the driver to travel to the right direction in complex road network. This paper analyzes the continuity of guiding system information based on the macro, meso and micro levels. The quantitative indicators for different continuous levels are proposed such as system, frequency information items, region, guiding direction, and path. The spatial clustering analysis method is used to identify guiding directions of destinations related to guide information items, and the effective path set in each direction is screened based on three principles. It calculates the continuous degrees of nodes with consideration of driver's psychological expectation constructed by considering the coherence of guiding information items within the front and back adjacent nodes in one path, and conditions of road and traffic facilities. The data structure designed to store guide information items and routes turning characteristics at nodes, and continuous quantization algorithm are developed to calculate the continuity for the network guiding sign system. Finally, taking the guiding sign system in Yuzhong District of Chongqing, China, as an example, the feasibility of continuity analysis model and the quantization algorithm is verified by demonstrated some core steps.

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    Dynamic Identification Method of Critical Roads Based on Traffic State of Online Map
    CHEN Hua-wei, SHAO Yi-ming, AO Gu-chang, ZHANG Hui-ling
    2019, 19(5): 50-58. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (701KB) ( )  

    Traffic congestion becomes more and more serious, and critical roads identification has become a research focus in the field of transportation. Based on the traffic state data of online map, this paper calculates prediction of traffic state and affection of traffic state wave by using spatial-temporal correlation theory, classifies different road types by using Moran scatterplot, and then proposes the dynamic identification method of critical roads based on traffic state of online map. Firstly, API of developer platform provided by online map is employed to collect the traffic state in road network, to dynamically predict traffic state by using ensemble learning. Then, the propagation structure of traffic state wave is analyzed to quantify the affection of a road on the roads neighbored it. Next, to identify critical roads, different road types are classified according to the prediction of traffic state and the affection of traffic state wave. Finally, taking actual road network as an example, the feasibility of the method is demonstrated.

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    An Automatic Incident Detection Algorithm Based on Mutation Strength
    LI Hong-wei, JIANG Gui-yan, LI Su-lan, ZHU Hong-wei
    2019, 19(5): 59-65. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (422KB) ( )  

    In order to design an automatic incident detection(AID) algorithm for expressway traffic incidents with high detection rate, this paper analyses the change characteristics of traffic flow, speed and occupancy parameters in the longitudinal time series when traffic accidents occur based on the mutation strength theory, drawing the following conclusions: the values of mutation strength of traffic parameters in incident time are larger. An AID algorithm for expressway based on the product of mutation strength of three parameters as an incident evaluation index was established. By comparing the new algorithm with three algorithms based on the measured data of expressway traffic incidents, it was verified that the detection rate of the new algorithm is high, which is 100.00%, the false detection rate is 5.75%. At the same time, it is concluded that the stability of the longitudinal time series data is better than that of the transverse time series; the increase in the number of introduced parameters can improve the detection rate and reduce the false detection rate. The new algorithm is suitable for all kinds of traffic flow; in the low peak, the detection rate is 100.00% and the false detection rate is 0, the detection effect is the best; the detection rate in the peak period remains 100.00%, the false detection rate is 5.66% which is within the acceptable range; most incidents with wrong detection occurred in the morning peak, evening peak and noon break when traffic flow changes greatly.

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    Stability Analysis of a Two-lane Car-following Model with Effect of Driver' s Characteristics
    DU Wen-ju, LI Yin-zhen, YU Jian-ning
    2019, 19(5): 66-77. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (578KB) ( )  

    In order to study the traffic jams and congestion, and to understand the forming process of traffic congestion and the influence of drivers' own characteristics on the stability of two- lane traffic flow, the paper investigated the stability of a two-lane car-following model with the effect of driver' s characteristics on the basis of cluster synchronization theory of complex network. By designing the appropriate controller, the two-lane carfollowing model with the effect of driver' s characteristics is quickly stabilized and the stability condition of the model is obtained. Besides, based on the adaptive H∞ cluster synchronization theory for complex networks with external disturbances, the stability of two- lane car- following model with the effect of driver' s characteristics is studied when the vehicles is subjected to random external disturbance. Finally, the effects of the designed controller on the stability of the two- lane traffic flow and the influence of different drivers' personality characteristics on the traffic flow are verified by using the MATLAB simulation technology.

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    Sensitivity Analysis of MFD of Ring Radial Road Network on Signal Cycle
    MA Ying-ying, WEN Chen, JIANG Ze-hao
    2019, 19(5): 78-85. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (714KB) ( )  

    To reveal the sensitivity of macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) of road network on signal cycle, this paper firstly proposed an MFD modelling method based on GMM, and then proposed a characterization method of road network operation efficiency and stability. Secondly, a simulation experimental design method for sensitivity of MFD on signal cycle was proposed. Thirdly, taking the ring radial road network as example, a simulation experiment was carried out to analyze the influence of signal cycle on MFD and further, the influence mechanism of signal cycle on road network operation efficiency and stability was revealed. The results indicate that the MFDs efficiency and stability of road network are less affected by reasonable signal cycle length, but are more affected by too large or too small cycle length. This conclusion provides a basis for road network traffic control and optimization.

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    Distributed Traffic Signal Control Based on Combination of MP and MPC
    LI Bing1, 2, CHENGWei1, YAN Yong-ting, XU Huan
    2019, 19(5): 86-93. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (437KB) ( )  

    Based on the distributed signal control characteristics of the max pressure (MP) and the real- time queue length prediction model established by the author, the model predictive control (MPC) is used to further optimize the rolling feedback of the modified max pressure signal control strategy. A distributed signal control method combining the MP and the MPC is established. The results of the model verification show that the delay of the intersection 1 and the intersection 2 after the MPC embedding is reduced by 13.47% and 15.35%, respectively, and the effect of the MP on the control output before and after the split weight correction is compared. And the number of queue overflow times of the lane 4 and the lane 10 of the bottleneck section after the optimization is reduced from 6 and 9 times respectively to 0. It is shown that the modified signal optimization strategy of the MP split can effectively prevent the occurrence of queue overflow.

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    Hot Passenger Routes Mining Based on Spatial-temporal Similarity Clustering
    FENG Hui-fang, YANG Zhen-juan
    2019, 19(5): 94-100. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (542KB) ( )  

    The taxi passenger trajectory can be exploited to discover the vehicle running state and the law of the travel behaviors of urban citizens. The mining of hot passenger routes has important value for traffic management and planning, citizens’behavior pattern discovery and taxi passenger recommendation. In this paper, a mining algorithm of hot passenger routes based on spatial-temporal similarity clustering is proposed from taxi passenger trajectory generated by over 3 000 taxis for one week in Lanzhou, China. Firstly, the passenger trajectory and its core trajectory are extracted according to the GPS trajectory data of taxi. Then, the spatial similarity, temporal similarity and spatial- temporal similarity of the core trajectory are calculated based on the proposed similarity measurement algorithm. The passenger trajectory is clustered using the DBSCAN clustering algorithm. Finally, the spatial distribution of hot passenger routes is obtained according to the clustering results. The differences of hot passenger routes between weekday and weekend are analyzed. Experimental results show that the proposed mining algorithm can effectively and quickly find the distribution of hot passenger routes.

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    Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Microscopic Traffic Flow Based on Sensing Capability
    CAO Bao-gui
    2019, 19(5): 101-107. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (507KB) ( )  

    Based on the sensing capacity of driver's driving behavior, a kind of new micro-traffic flow dynamics model is proposed in this paper. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the performance of the new model is studied in detail. Through theoretical analysis and based on linear stability theory, the stability conditions of the new model are obtained. Through numerical simulation, the influence of various parameters on the optimal speed is analyzed in depth, and then the influence on traffic flow stability is analyzed. The simulation results show that driver's sensing capability have a significant impact on traffic flow stability. The intensity of headway change information can effectively enhance the stability of traffic flow and significantly compress stopand- go traffic jams. However, the increase of perception buffer time will inevitably destroy traffic stability, resulting in serious stop- and- go traffic congestion. The numerical results of density waves and hysteresis loops with different parameters are in good agreement with the theoretical results, which verifies the theoretical results.

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    Systems Engineering Theory and Methods
    Travel Mode Choice in City Based on Random Parameters Logit Model
    LIU Jian-rong, HAO Xiao-ni
    2019, 19(5): 108-113. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (283KB) ( )  

    There is of great importance of travel mode choice analysis on the analysis and prediction of travelers' travel behavior. However, most of papers related to value of time assumed that travelers' preferences were consistent within a group, which is inconsistent with the fact. The random parameters Logit model allows parameter values to vary across the population, and can analyze the impact of travelers' demographic characteristics on parameters. This paper analyzes the motorized travel in the city with the random parameter Logit model. In consideration of impact of the latent psychological factor on travelers' mode choice, this paper also takes into account of travelers' demand of comfort, reliability and flexibility when traveling. The result shows that the random parameters Logit model fitting the data much better than the traditional discrete choice model. From the result, it can be concluded that, the parameter of walk time is non-random. However, the parameter of in-vehicle time is random, and is affected by travelers' marriage, car-ownership, commute-by-car-or-not, whether the monthly income is more than 10 000 Yuan or not, and the requirement of flexibility when traveling.

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    Influence Model of Smart Phone Using Behavior on Driving Reliability
    FU Zhi-yan, CHEN Jian, CHEN Lin
    2019, 19(5): 114-119. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (353KB) ( )  

    There is the problem of lacking the quantitative description for the process that using smartphone can affect driving safety. Based on the theories of driving behavior information processing and attention distribution, this study aims to explore the relationship between smartphone using behavior and driving reliability. Seven causality hypotheses are proposed in this study to construct the structural equation model describing the process of how smartphone using behavior can affect driving safety. The latent variables explaining the driving safety include visual resource consumption, cognitive resource consumption, and driving unreliability. The dataset is obtained by online surveys and face-to-face questionnaire. The empirical analysis shows: visual resource consumption (0.448) and cognitive resource consumption (0.256) have direct negative effects on driving reliability; information input, display viewing, voice calls, and psychological features have an indirect negative effect on driving reliability of which the factor of viewing (0.450) has the greatest effect.

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    Sensitivities of Fatigue Driving Steering Features to Individual Difference
    WU Chao-zhong, SUN Yi-fan, ZHANG Hui, XIAO Yi-ying, LI Xv-yi
    2019, 19(5): 120-127. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (538KB) ( )  

    Individual difference is important factor affecting identification of fatigue driving. For analyzing the effects of individual differences on fatigue driving identification based on steering driving behaviors, sensitivities of fatigue driving steering features to individual differences were analyzed. Naturalistic driving data was obtained by field driving experiments, features under normal and fatigue status were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test, H -statistics was used to indicate the effectiveness of features. Single participant with maximal H -statistics was used as basis to form double participants group with other participants one by one, H - statistics and individual difference degree for features of double participants group were fitted by linear model, and absolute value for slope was used to indicate sensitivities of features to individual differences. Sensitivities of nine steering features to individual differences is obtained, the lower sensitivity is, the less effectiveness of feature is affected by individual differences, and sensitivity for standard deviation of steering wheel angle to individual differences is the lowest whose value is 2.056. This study can offer references for evaluation of fatigue driving steering features' performances and feature selection for recognition model of fatigue driving.

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    Optimization Method for Differentiated Pricing Strategy of Flat Fare in Urban Bus Transit Network
    DENG Lian-bo, XU Yi-mei, DUAN Ke-yi
    2019, 19(5): 128-134. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (399KB) ( )  

    According to the imbalanced spatial distribution of passengers and capacity allocation in urban bus transit network, a differentiated pricing strategy between bus lines is proposed. The strategy adjusts the distribution of passengers by fare level. In view of the flat fare widely adopted in China, and on the basis of analyzing general travel costs of passengers, the improved multinomial Logit model was adopted. Further, an optimization model was proposed to describe the differentiated pricing strategy with fixed demand of urban bus transit network, in which the minimum total social costs was regarded as optimization objective, the carrying capacity and the charge limit were considered. Taking the characteristics of model into account, an optimal algorithm based on the simulated annealing algorithm was designed to synthetically optimize fare level and departure frequency of each bus line. Finally, the application of a typical bus transit network shows that an obvious improvement can be achieved with a low charge.

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    A Cooperative Game-based Holding-point Optimization Model for Bus Bunching
    DAI Zhuang, CHEN Xi, MAXiao-lei
    2019, 19(5): 135-141. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (444KB) ( )  

    Holding control is a commonly used method for bus bunching prevention. Current study generally focuses on holding time optimization，yet with a little effort being put on holding-point optimization. This study proposes a cooperative game-based holding-point optimization model for bus bunching prevention. First，based on the current system states，the model predicts the improvement in the share of bus bunching when different holding point combinations are in effect. Then，the model constructs a cooperative game to analyze individual and collective control effects between holding points. In the game，holding points are regarded as players，while their collective control effects form the utility function. The cooperative game is solved using Shapley value，which represents the importance of holding-points in reducing bus bunching in this study. Finally，dynamic simulation experiments are conducted to illustrate the control point optimization process. Simulation results suggest that the model reduces headway variance，bus bunching share and passenger waiting time significantly.

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    Joint Scheduling Between Limited-stop and All-stop Bus Services in Urban Public Transport
    HU Bao-yu, LIU Hao, CHENG Guo-zhu
    2019, 19(5): 142-149. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (503KB) ( )  

    Limited-stop bus service has attracted wide attention of traffic scholars, because of its high operational efficiency, good punctuality and high speed. Based on the space-time distribution characteristics of passenger flow and the rated passenger capacity of buses, this paper proposes a method for determining the frequency of the maximum passenger flow at the sections. Considering multiperiod and balance at stations, joint scheduling between limited-stop and all-stop bus services is proposed based on deficit function to minimize the total fleet size by adjusting the departure time slightly. This method is applied to a bus line supporting for limited- stop bus service. Comparing with two independent dispatching modes of uniform departure and departure time adjustment, the result shows joint scheduling can further reduce the total fleet size, which saves the operation cost for the public transport enterprise.

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    Optimization Flexible Route Design for High-speed Railway Station Feeder Bus
    AN Jiu-yu, SONG Rui, BI Ming-kai, XUE Shou-qiang
    2019, 19(5): 150-155. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (335KB) ( )  

    Currently, the feeder bus only served passengers leaving the high-speed railway station. The vehicles can’t serve any passenger when it returned to the station caused huge waste of resources. A feeder bus service mode is designed to serve the passengers leaving or coming to the high- speed rail station which is namely the "high- speed railway station rapid feeder bus" flexible route. Different from the regular fixed route, a flexible "umbrella" route is formed according to the passenger's pre- submitted demand. A bus route design model is proposed with an objective of minimizing total bus travel time and solved by IBM ILOG CPLEX. A numerical example is given to prove the validity of the model in a reasonable time. Passengers could be aware of the bus’s arriving time when the route is formed so that it is very convenient for the passenger.

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    Departure Time Elasticities of Transit Travelers under Pre-peak Discount Price
    YU Dan-dan, YAO Xiang-ming, XU Hui-jie, ZHAO Peng
    2019, 19(5): 156-162. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (474KB) ( )  

    Taking the pre-peak discount fare policy of Beijing subway as the background, this work studies the impact of discount fares on passenger’s departure time by mining smart card data. Firstly, new classification indexes in the perspective of“consumer behaviors”are established to segment transit markets. Secondly, the median of departure times is used to determine shifted passengers who move forward departure times, by using an “before-and-after compare method”. Then, departure time elasticities of different passenger groups are measured. The results show that departure time elasticities decrease sharply with shift time increasing, and 30 minutes are almost the maximum time that passengers can accept. Commuters have the lowest flexibility, low-frequency and living-travel passengers are relatively flexible. The main reason for limiting the effectiveness of the current policy is unreasonable setting of the discount deadline. This study provides fundamental parameters for fare scheme programming and optimization.

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    Pedestrian Simulation Modeling of Subway Corridor Considering Group Behavior
    ZHANG Rui, YANG Jing, YANG Chen-wei, DAI Sheng-xu
    2019, 19(5): 163-168. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (394KB) ( )  

    Group behavior is a common phenomenon in pedestrian movement, and has a significant impact on the overall movement of pedestrians, so it is necessary to consider the companion behavior when simulating pedestrians’movement. Taking the subway common corridor as a spatial background, with the video observation data, this paper analyses the characteristics of the group. Then, based on the social force model and particle discrete element theory, individual pedestrians, group pedestrians, and different roles in a group (leader or follower) are distinguished. At the same time, a pedestrian movement model including driving force, contact force and repulsive force is established, and a pedestrian simulation platform considering pedestrian behavior based on Agent framework is constructed. Finally, taking a subway passage as an example, the authenticity and validity of the simulation model are verified by the observation data and the description of the group behavior, and the influence of different group proportions on the average flow speed of pedestrian is analyzed. Conclusion that the pedestrian speed decreases with the increase of the group proportions is drawn. The new model can provide theoretical support for further improving of pedestrian motion simulation model in subway and help pedestrian organizations in the corridor.

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    Robustness Collaborative Optimization Model for High-speed Railway Train Timetable
    LI Zhi, ZHANG Qi, SUN Yan-hao, ZENG Yi
    2019, 19(5): 169-176. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (573KB) ( )  

    In order to enhance the robustness of high- speed railway train timetable, in this paper a robustness collaborative optimization model is proposed. Based on multi- line cooperative optimization ideology and multitarget cooperative optimization ideology, collaborative optimization for multi-line timetables is studied. We divide train timetable robustness into delay propagation robustness and connection robustness, and build multi-objective cooperative optimization model for these two kinds of robustness. In the process of modeling, the law of diminishing marginal utility in economics is introduced into the study of buffer time between trains. Furthermore, we propose the definition of robust utility of buffer time. Combining with the concrete situation of China railway, a robustness collaborative optimization model for high- speed train timetable is established. Experimental results show that the model proposed in this paper can effectively improve the robustness of high- speed railway train timetable.

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    Collaborative Full-length and Short-turning Plan and Joint Multi-station Control of Passenger Flow in Urban Rail Transit
    CHEN Wei-ya, ZHANG Yong, CHEN Xin,WANG Jie-yu
    2019, 19(5): 177-184. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (394KB) ( )  

    During peak hours, urban rail transit has large passenger flow and uneven distribution of passenger flow in space, which causes the imbalance of supply and demand and the safety pressure of the station passenger flow organization. To alleviate this problem, this paper proposes collaborative full- length and short- turning plan and joint multi- station control of passenger flow transport organization method. We considers the constraints of passenger flow safety capacity, train running time and full-length and short-turning, and the model which goals are minimizing passenger travel cost, operating cost, and the sums of passengers on board ratio variance of each station is established. A nested artificial bee colony algorithm is designed to solve the model. Taking the urban rail transit line of a city as an example to verify the validity and applicability of the model, and the sensitivity analysis of the short- turning frequency and multi- objective weight coefficient is carried out. The results show that the method can save the operating cost of the enterprise and improve the fairness of passenger travel, and relieve the pressure on the passenger flow of the large passenger flow station effectively.

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    Quasi-dynamic Balancing Method for Urban Public Bike-sharing System
    ZHANG Min-jie, ZHOU Ji-biao, DONG Sheng, ZHANG Shui-chao
    2019, 19(5): 185-192. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (611KB) ( )  

    Aiming at the problem of heavy workload in daily dispatching of urban public bike-sharing system, a quasi-dynamic urban public bicycle balancing method is proposed. By analyzing the constraints among capacity, average daily difference between rent and return, and rent and return volume in different periods, the method evaluates the balancing frequency of the sites, and divides the sites into different types. Based on site classification, the combination optimization of weekly balancing sites and routing optimization are carried out with the goal of balancing the average daily balancing tasks and minimizing the average routing mileage. Finally, the method is applied to the daily balancing of Ningbo public bike-sharing system, and compared with the empirical balancing method to verify the effectiveness. The results show that in terms of task quantity, the average weekly and monthly daily balancing workload of the quasi- dynamic balancing method for Ningbo public bicycle system in January 2018 are 3 872 and 4 247 respectively, which are 32% and 25% lower than the empirical balancing workload of 5 690 times in the same month; in terms of routing mileage, the average weekly and monthly mileage of the quasidynamic balancing method are 94.7 km and 103.6 km respectively, which are 16% and 8% lower than the empirical balancing mileage of 113.1 km in the same month. This method has good practical value for daily balancing of Ningbo public bicycle system.

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    Urban Taxi Quantity Based on Dynamic Game Theory
    SUN Qi-peng,WANG Dong, XU Xiao-qing, MAFei
    2019, 19(5): 193-197. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (336KB) ( )  

    Taxi is one of the most important transportation modes in the urban passenger transport system. However, with the development of taxi market and the change of passenger's travel demand, taxi market has accumulated many problems, the fundamental reason is that the interests among various stakeholders in the taxi market is difficult to coordinate, which leads to the unbalanced supply-demand relationship in the taxi market, and need to promote the harmonious development of various stakeholders by adjusting the urban taxi quantity. Therefore, using the perspective of game theory, analyses the main stakeholders and the relationships in the taxi industry, constructs the game equilibrium and carries out the solution, calculates the reasonable quantity range of the urban taxi. And through the empirical calculation of the taxi market in Xi'an, China, and when the number of taxis increased in the short term does not exceed 1 908, the contradiction of interests among the stakeholders is the smallest; in the long term, when the number of taxis increased to 1 223, the long-term game equilibrium can be reached.

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    Estimation Model and Verification on Value of Statistical Life in Road Traffic Based on Mixed Logit Model with SB Distribution
    LIU Wen-ge
    2019, 19(5): 198-204. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (338KB) ( )  

    The value of a statistical life (VOSL) in road traffic is estimated based on the mixed Logit (ML) model with the parameter obeying to SB distribution. Firstly, the route-choice questionnaire is designed combined with the stated choice method (SCM) and the orthogonal experiment method. Then the VOSL model is established based on ML models with the fatal risk parameter obeying to lognormal distribution and SB distribution. Then the parameters are calibrated by Monte Carlo using the survey data regarding Dalian private drivers as respondents. Finally, the ML models are comparatively analyzed with VOSL estimates obtained. The research results indicate: the ML model supposing the fatal risk parameter obeying to SB Distribution within (0.0, 0.5) is more accurate and reasonable. The VOSL is estimated as 1 057 600 RMB, which can be used as a reference to appraise road safety programs.

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    Urban Parking Flow Assignment Model Based on G/G/c/FCFS Queuing Theory
    CHANG Yu-lin, CHEN Zhi-chao, SUN Chao, ZHANG Peng
    2019, 19(5): 205-211. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (402KB) ( )  

    In order to explore the relationship between traffic equilibrium and parking choice in urban road network, the G/G/c/FCFS parking queuing model was used to study the relationship between path flow, travel time and parking availability probability according to the driver's actual parking search process. Then the parking available probability at the time of arrival at the parking lot was calculated and was incorporated into the generalized cost function of the parking search route. Finally, according to the traveler route choice and parking choice theory in traffic network, the stochastic user equilibrium model under parking queuing theory was proposed and the model solving algorithm was designed. The numerical example results show that the model can allocate parking flow accurately and reasonably in urban road network. This model is helpful to provide the basis for parking demand planning from the overall perspective of the city.

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    Optimization of Lane Number of Highway Toll Station Based on Multiple Payments
    YANG Tao,WANG Peng, ZHU Ji-ping, ZHAO Jian-dong
    2019, 19(5): 212-218. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (407KB) ( )  

    With the increase of trucks and the application of mobile payment methods, the number of lanes is calculated according to the "Toll Road Networking Technical Requirements". The traffic volume conversion and service time are not in line with reality, and the number of lanes is not accurately calculated, resulting in congestion or waste of lane resources. This paper focuses on the calculation of the number of lanes. Firstly, this paper analyzes the difference of service time and proposes a service time calculation model of multi payments. Considering behavioral factors such as vehicle following and queuing, a toll station simulation model is established based on VISSIM. Take the traffic volume, model ratio as input to obtain the number of lanes that meet the design requirements. Enter the number of required lanes and service time into the queuing model to calculate the DHV correction value. This paper establishes a DHV conversion model between the actual DHV value and the DHV correction value. Based on the service time and DHV correction value, the number of optimized lanes is obtained from the number of lanes in the technical requirements. Finally, with the empirical analysis of the toll station, this method can achieve the optimal calculation of the number of lanes.

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    Liner Service Network Design with Transit Time Constraints and Speed Optimization
    ZHANG Yan, JI Ming-jun, ZHENG Jian-feng, YANG Hua-long
    2019, 19(5): 219-224. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (388KB) ( )  

    To upgrade the profitability to a competitive level, the liner companies need to ensure that their container transit time between origin- destination ports would not exceed the market level. In order to satisfy customer demands and maximize the total profit for the whole shipping network, this paper takes the ship speeds as variables, and proposes a container liner shipping network design problem with transit time limits. To effectively solve the practical problem, firstly, a port clustering algorithm is used to select the main candidate ports. Then, the ports index sequence is determined by considering their geography position. Lastly, a column generation based heuristic algorithm is proposed to decompose and solve the model to obtain the final network solution. The algorithms are tested on benchmark instances with different problem sizes. Experimental results show that when taking ship speeds as variable rather than a fixed input, both the profit and flexibility of shipping network can be improved significantly.

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    Cases Analysis
    Holiday Tourists' Staggered Shifts Behavior Considering Affection of Psychological Factors
    ZHU Hai-yan, GUAN Hong-zhi, HAN Yan, LI Wan-ying, ZHAO Lei
    2019, 19(5): 225-230. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (386KB) ( )  

    Staggered shifts is an important measure to solve the problem of traffic congestion caused by concentration of travel time. Based on the research object of holiday tourists' staggered shifts behavior, this paper explores the influence mechanism of psychological latent variables on holiday tourists' staggered shifts behavior intention. Considering the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the holiday tourism satisfaction (HTS), the structural equation model (SEM) of holiday tourists' staggered shifts behavior was constructed. The influence of four psychological factors including tourists' attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control (PBC) and holiday tourism satisfaction on holiday tourists' staggered shifts behavior was quantitatively analyzed. Finally, a questionnaire survey was conducted and the data are analyzed with examples. The results show that four potential variables have significant impacts on holiday tourists' staggered shifts travel behavior, and PBC is the key factor with the biggest influence. HTS has a significant negative impact on holiday tourists' staggered shifts travel behavior. This study can provide a reference basis for the formulation of measures on tourists staggered shifts on holiday.

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    Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tolerance Threshold of Waiting Time
    HE Ming-wei, LIANG Jie, SHUAI Chun-yan, HE Bao-hong
    2019, 19(5): 231-235. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (262KB) ( )  

    The tolerance threshold of waiting time represents the maximum amount of waiting time that the individual will tolerate. A study on the tolerance threshold of waiting time could help us better understand the perceptions and attitudes of travelers toward waiting time and formulate targeted policies to raise the attraction and sharing rate of public transport. It can also provide reference for the operation organization of public transport. Using the data from Kunming, this study presents an empirical study on the tolerance threshold of waiting time. Firstly, the distribution characteristics of the tolerance threshold of waiting time are statistically analyzed. The Rank-sum test method is used to test the distribution differences of different groups. Furthermore, the influencing factors of the tolerance threshold of waiting time are identified using an ordered Logit model. The results demonstrate that age, degree of education, the interaction of age and education, occupation, household annual income, and bus travel frequency have a significant impact on the tolerance threshold of waiting time.

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    Passenger Average Waiting Time Estimation Based on Bus GPS and IC Card Data
    ZHANG Xiao-chun, GAO Yong, YU Zhuang,WANG Yu-huan, AN Jian
    2019, 19(5): 236-241. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (381KB) ( )  

    Passenger waiting bus is an important part of public transport, and passengers' waiting time has crucial effect on transport system attraction. At present, passenger questionnaire and vedio survey are two main approachs to obtain passengers' waiting time. However, these methods are time consuming and not able to reflect time-space character of passengers' waiting time in a dynamic way. Furthermore, it is difficult to evaluate the level of service of public transport. Aiming at forementioned problem, this paper based on the bus GPS data and IC card data of Beijing employed non-homogeneous poisson process to compute the passengers' waiting time. This method could dynamically compute the passenger average waiting time of different stations, lines and the bus network. Based on this method, the Beijing No. 606 passenger waiting time of one day was computed, and its result indicated that during the morning and evening peak period, passenger had the minimum waiting time, about 200 s, and the waiting time of passenger was relative long in the afternoon.

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    Movement Characteristics of Pedestrian Social Groups in Staircase and Corridor on University Campus
    YAO Ming, WEN Peng-jing, CAO Shu-chao, LIANG Jun
    2019, 19(5): 242-250. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (584KB) ( )  

    To explore the movement characteristics of pedestrian group in different scenes and compare their differences among different types of groups, observation experiments on stairs and corridors in the university campus were conducted and the data were obtained to study the influence of group size, social relationship, movement scene and gender on group movement. Results demonstrate that the proportion of pedestrians on campus is lower than that around shopping malls. The way of communication among group members influence the group configuration. Since it is more difficult for group members to coordinate with each other, the larger the group size is, the smaller the speed will be. In addition, the speed of the male group is faster than that of the female group, and frequent communication between couples can also have a negative impact on their speed. The difference in speed between two-person and three-person groups is less than the difference in speed between single and two-person groups. The speed difference between male and female for single individual is greater than that for two-person and three-person groups. The difference of speed for single and group is more significant than that on the stairs.

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