Big data brings both opportunities and challenges to technological development and application innovation of urban intelligent transportation system. Significant changes of ITS, which brought by traffic big data, are shown in three aspects: the concept of traffic big data, problems brought by traffic big data, and big-data-driven based mathematic modeling methods. This paper is intended to deeply understand big data, the background and category of traffic big data are sketched, the“6V”characteristics of traffic big data are proposed, the basic types of traffic big data in ITS are summarized. Strategies and ideas are presented based on the problems of traffic big data, namely, data security, network communication, computational efficiency, and data storage. This paper also analyzes the method of data driven model, and describes the significance of hybrid model. Finally, system framework of ITS based on traffic big data is proposed.