交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2022, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 124-133.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2022.06.013

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区建成环境对机动车行驶里程影响的空间异质性模型

陈坚*1，刘柯良1，李武2，邸晶3，彭涛4   

  1. 1. 重庆交通大学，交通运输学院，重庆 400074；2. 大连理工大学，建筑工程学部，辽宁 大连 116024； 3. 保定市城市设计院，河北 保定 071000；4. 西南交通大学，交通运输与物流学院，成都 610097
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-15 修回日期:2022-08-25 接受日期:2022-08-26 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2022-12-22
  • 作者简介:陈坚(1985- )，男，江西赣州人，教授，博士。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJZD-K202100706)；重庆市社会科学规划重点项目(2020ZDZX04)；重庆交通大学研究生科研创新项目(2022B0007)

Spatial Heterogeneity Model of Impact of Community Built Environment on Vehicle Miles Traveled

CHEN Jian*1, LIU Ke-liang1, LI Wu2, DI Jing3, PENG Tao4   

  1. 1. School of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; 2. Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China; 3. Urban & Rural Planning & Design Academe of Baoding, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China; 4. School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China
  • Received:2022-07-15 Revised:2022-08-25 Accepted:2022-08-26 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-22
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission；The Key Project of Social Science Foundation of Chongqing, China；Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Chongqing Jiaotong University

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摘要： 为指导社区生活圈打造绿色出行环境，定量解析社区建成环境对居民小汽车行驶里程 (VMT)影响的空间异质性。基于建成环境的5D维度选取人口密度、土地利用多样性及公交站点密度等6个指标刻画建成环境，在《社区生活圈规划技术指南》的基础上，结合步行速度和非直线系数等指标差异化界定社区生活圈尺度，利用POI数据和道路网络等地理空间数据测度建成环境。以保定市居民出行行为调查数据作为实证研究数据来源，构建考虑自变量尺度变异的多尺度地理加权回归模型(MGWR)。研究结果表明：对比最小二乘回归(OLS)模型与传统的地理加权回归(GWR)模型，纳入变量尺度异质性的MGWR模型降低了残差的自相关性，且调整后R2 相比于GWR模型与OLS模型分别提高了1.8倍与6.0倍；从标准化系数来看，社区建成环境指标中，土地利用混合度和公交服务水平对VMT影响最大；社区建成环境指标中，路网密度与交叉口密度接近全局尺度，空间异质性较弱，其余建成环境变量均具有较强的空间异质性，需要进行差异化的空间设计；社区建成环境指标局部回归系数的空间分布模式呈现“中心-外围”变化趋势，与城市形态有较强的耦合。

关键词: 城市交通, 空间异质性, 多尺度地理加权回归, 机动车行驶里程, 建成环境

Abstract: To promote a green travel environment in the community life circle planning, this paper analyses the spatial heterogeneity of the impact of the community built environment on vehicle miles traveled (VMT). Based on the 5Ddimension built environment, six indicators were used to describe the built environment of the community, such as population density, land use diversity, and bus stop density. Based on the technical guide for community life circle planning, the study defined the scale differentiation of community life circle combined with walking speed, non-linear coefficient and other indicators. The built environment was measured by the point of interest (POI) data, road network and other geospatial data. Taking the travel behavior survey data of Baoding residents as the empirical research data source, the study developed a multi-scale geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) considering the scale variation of independent variables. The results indicate that: (1) compared to the ordinary least squares regression (OLS) model and the traditional geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, the MGWR model with variable scale heterogeneity reduces the autocorrelation of the residual, and the adjusted R square value is the highest, which is respectively 1.8 times and 6.0 times higher than the GWR Model and OLS model. (2) From the standardized coefficient, land use mixing degree and bus service level have the greatest impact on VMT. (3) The road density and intersection density are close to the global scale, and the spatial heterogeneity is weak. Other built environment variables have strong spatial heterogeneity, so the differentiated spatial design is needed. (4) The spatial distribution pattern of the local regression coefficient shows the trend of "center-periphery", which is strongly coupled with the urban form.

Key words: urban traffic, spatial heterogeneity, multi-scale geographically weighted regression model, vehicle miles traveled(VMT), built environment

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