高速公路货车空车差异化费率优化的双层规划方法

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.05.018

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2024, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (5): 197-204.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.05.018

高速公路货车空车差异化费率优化的双层规划方法

段莉珍^1,2，何明卫^*1，何民¹，普荣慧²

1. 昆明理工大学，交通工程学院，昆明 650500；2. 云南省交通科学研究院有限公司，昆明 650011

收稿日期:2024-07-04 修回日期:2024-08-05 接受日期:2024-08-13 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-10-22
作者简介:段莉珍(1986- )，女，云南大理人，高级工程师，博士生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(72361015)；云南省交通运输厅科技创新及示范项目(2022-27-1)。

Bi-level Programming Method for Differentiated Toll Rate Optimization of Expressway Empty Freight Vehicle

DUAN Lizhen^1,2, HE Mingwei^*1, HE Min¹, PU Ronghui²

1. Faculty of Transportation Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; 2.Yunnan Academy of Transportation Sciences Co Ltd, Kunming 650011, China

Received:2024-07-04 Revised:2024-08-05 Accepted:2024-08-13 Online:2024-10-25 Published:2024-10-22
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72361015)；Scientific and Technological Innovation and Demonstration Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Transportation(2022-27-1)。

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决高速公路货车由计重收费调整为按车型收费导致货车空车分流的问题，本文建立一种基于双层规划模型的货车空车分车型差异化费率优化方法。首先，以高速公路经营主体实现收费收益最大化为目标构建上层规划模型，考虑高速公路通行效率提升及增量货车空车增加的管养支出；其次，以道路使用者实现出行效用最大化为目标构建下层规划模型，构建基于逻辑回归模型和随机效用最大化理论的货车空车出行效用函数，分析货车空车特性变量对出行效用的影响；然后，采用多层神经网络模型及三次艾尔米特插值法，预测不同费率优惠下高速公路货车空车增量交通量，作为上下层联系变量；最后，以高速公路与平行老路构成的运输通道为例，采用内存受限的拟牛顿优化算法(L-BFGS-B)求解高速公路货车空车分车型最优费率。结果表明：高速公路费率折扣率对货车空车各车型出行选择影响最为显著；此外，车籍地对一类、四类货车空车出行选择影响较大，运输类型对二类、三类和六类货车空车出行选择影响较大；与现行费率方案相比，优化后的费率方案年度增加通行费收入3941万元，高速公路通行效率提升4.17%，货车空车平均每车出行效用增加3.51。

关键词: 交通运输经济, 差异化费率优化, 双层规划模型, 货车空车, L-BFGS-B算法

Abstract: This paper proposes a toll rate optimization method to improve the empty freight vehicle diversion due to adjusting the expressway freight vehicle charging from weight-based to vehicle-type-based charging. The upper level planning model is developed to maximize the revenue of the operating entity, considering the improvement of expressway traffic efficiency and the management and maintenance expenditure of incremental empty freight vehicle. Then, the lower-level planning model is developed to maximize the travel utility of road users. The empty freight vehicle travel utility function is developed based on the logical regression model and stochastic utility maximization theory, to analyze the impact of empty freight vehicle property variables on travel utility. The incremental expressway empty freight vehicle is predicted under different preferential rates using the multi- layer neural network model and Hermite interpolation method, as the connection variable of upper and lower levels. In the experimental analysis, the optimal rate of empty freight vehicle is calculated using the Limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno algorithm (L-BFGS-B). The results show that the rate discount of expressway is the key factor influencing the choice of empty freight vehicle. The location of vehicles registration has a great impact on the choice of empty freight vehicle of class I and class IV, and the transportation mode has a great impact on the choice of empty freight vehicle of class II,class III and class VI. Compared to the current rate scheme, the optimized rate scheme can increase the annual toll revenue by 39.41 million yuan, improve the efficiency of expressway by 4.17%, and increase the travel utility of empty freight vehicle by 3.51 per vehicle.

Key words: transportation economy, differentiated toll rate optimization, bi-level programming model, empty freight vehicle, L-BFGS-B algorithm

中图分类号:

段莉珍, 何明卫, 何民, 普荣慧. 高速公路货车空车差异化费率优化的双层规划方法[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(5): 197-204.

DUAN Lizhen, HE Mingwei, HE Min, PU Ronghui. Bi-level Programming Method for Differentiated Toll Rate Optimization of Expressway Empty Freight Vehicle[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2024, 24(5): 197-204.

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http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V24/I5/197

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高速公路货车空车差异化费率优化的双层规划方法

Bi-level Programming Method for Differentiated Toll Rate Optimization of Expressway Empty Freight Vehicle

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