交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 266-275.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2025.03.024

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

城轨虚拟编组列车群多状态运行模型构建与仿真研究

李海军1a,1b，赵颖1a，黄岩*1a,1b，田卫刚2   

  1. 1. 兰州交通大学，a.交通运输学院，b.高原铁路运输智慧管控铁路行业重点实验室，兰州730070； 2. 济南轨道交通集团运营有限公司，济南250000
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-06 修回日期:2025-03-15 接受日期:2025-04-16 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-06-21
  • 作者简介:李海军(1978—)，男，青海海东人，教授，博士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52462045)；甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(24JRRA22)。

Construction and Simulation of a Multi-state Operation Model for Virtual Coupling Train Groups in Urban Rail

LI Haijun1a,1b, ZHAO Ying1a, HUANG Yan*1a,1b, TIAN Weigang2   

  1. 1a. School of Traffic and Transportation, 1b. Key Laboratory of Railway Industry on Plateau Railway Transportation Intelligent Management and Control, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2. Jinan Urban Rail Transit Group Operating Company Limited, Jinan 250000, China
  • Received:2025-01-06 Revised:2025-03-15 Accepted:2025-04-16 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-06-21
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (52462045)；Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (24JRRA22)。

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摘要： 为有效掌握城轨虚拟编组列车群的追踪运行表现，本文提出一种虚拟编组列车群多状态运行仿真模型。通过分析虚拟编组列车运行控制原理，提出考虑通信和控制延迟的列车安全防护间距计算方法，以列车运行动力学模型为基础，结合虚拟编组列车运行状态转换过程，构建城轨虚拟编组列车群多状态运行仿真模型。以济南地铁3号线为例，从不同编组模式、编队结构和延迟时间等角度进行仿真试验。研究结果表明：在2辆列车构成的列车群中，虚拟编组列车的平均列车间距仅为固定编组列车的21.93%；在4辆列车构成的列车群中，固定编队列车群的平均编队长度和运行速度差分别是混合编队的1.26倍和1.94倍，是虚拟编队的1.45倍和4.17倍，且虚拟编队列车群的到站时间偏差也仅为固定编队和混合编队列车群的46.29%和74.56%；因此虚拟编组列车群能有效缩短列车运行间距，提高运行速度追踪精度，降低列车到站时间偏差。此外，当虚拟编组列车的控制延迟和通讯延迟时间分别是0.5s时，因其带来的列车间距偏差最大值可达到10.83m和0.83m，控制延迟对列车群追踪运行的负面影响大于通讯延迟。研究结果能够为城轨虚拟编组列车群运行决策和运行方案制定提供理论支撑。

关键词: 城市交通, 列车运行仿真模型, 数值仿真, 虚拟编组列车, 安全防护间距

Abstract: To clarify the tracking operation performance of urban rail train groups with virtual coupling effectively, a multi-state operation simulation model for urban rail train groups with virtual coupling was proposed. By analyzing the operational control principles of virtual coupling trains, a method for calculating the safety protection distance was presented, which integrated communication and control delays. A multi-state operation simulation model for urban rail train groups with virtual coupling was constructed based on a train dynamics model and incorporated the operational state transition process of trains with virtual coupling. Using Jinan Metro Line 3 as a case study, simulation experiments were conducted from various perspectives, including different grouping modes, formation types, and delay times. The results show that in a train group composed of two trains, the average distance interval of trains with virtual coupling was only 21.93% of that with fixed coupling. In a train group composed of four trains, the average formation length and operational speed difference of fixed formations were 1.26 times and 1.94 times of that in mixed formations, and 1.45 times and 4.17 times of that in virtual formations, respectively. Additionally, the arrival time deviation of train groups with a virtual formation type were only 46.29% and 74.56% of that with fixed formation and mixed formation train groups, respectively. Therefore, the trains with virtual coupling effectively reduced the operational distance intervals, enhanced the accuracy of speed tracking, and decreased the arrival time deviation. Furthermore, when the control delay and the communication delay time of the trains with virtual coupling were both 0.5 second, the maximum distance deviation between trains can reach 10.83 meters and 0.83 meter, respectively. The negative impact of the control delay on the tracking operation of the train groups was greater than that of the communication delay. The research results provided a theoretical support for the operational decision-making and scheme formulation of urban rail train groups with virtual coupling.

Key words: urban traffic, train operation simulation model, numerical simulation, virtual coupling trains, safety protection distance

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