我国铁路列车运行计划集成编制方法研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据我国建国以来铁路列车运行计划编制的特点，将编制方法分为4个阶段，分析归纳了4个阶段编辑方法的基本特征、主要成果、与发达国家的差异及存在问题。接着，论文根据列车运行计划编制涉及的主要方法与技术，从列车运行图、人员与设备周转计划、车站作业计划、方案计算验证4个方面分析了列车运行计划编制的主要方法和技术关键。通过对列车运行计划集成编制的研究，提出了新一代列车运行综合计划编制的系统框架、需要突破的关键科学问题以及技术实现的要点。最后，结合作者在该领域已经取得的研究进展，阐述了新一代列车运行综合计划系统编制的功能及其应用案例。

关键词: 中国铁路, 列车运行计划, 集成技术, 优化方法, 计算实验

Abstract: The paper analyzes the historical development of railway train schemes since 1949. Four stages have been summarized to embrace different characteristics and issues existed in different times according to their procedures. From the viewpoints of methods and techniques involved in above four stages, the authors describe the key models and algorithms applied in train scheduling, locomotive and crew work plan, yard operational plan and experimental analysis of train timetables. Based on the studies delivered in the field during the past decade, authors advance an integrated framework which deals with its major functions, key theoretical and technological progresses and several applications of the platform, including ones in improvements of railway station design, signal layout optimization, train scheduling evaluation at microscopic level and possible other applications in the construction of high-speed railways of China.

Key words: China railway, train operational scheme, integrated technique, optimization technique, calculation experiment

中图分类号:

U492

毛保华,王保山,徐彬,刘海东,陈建华,杜鹏. 我国铁路列车运行计划集成编制方法研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2009, 9(2): 27-37 .

MAO Bao-hua, WANG Bao-shan, XU Bin, LIU Hai-dong, CHEN Jian-hua, DU Peng. On Integrated Train Operational Scheme Drawing-up Platform of China[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2009, 9(2): 27-37 .

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/abstract/abstract17782.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2009/V9/I2/27

参考文献

[1] 班长青. 铁路列车运行图的编制方法[M], 北京：中国铁道出版社, 1966. [BAN Chang-qing. Drawing-up Approaches of Railway Operational Scheme[M], Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 1996.]

[2] Amit I, Goldfarb D. The timetable problem for railways[J]. Developments in Operations Research, 1971, 2: 379–387.

[3] 铁道部. 列车运行图编制规则[K], 1979. [Ministry of Railways. Drawing-up Rules of Train Operational Scheme[K], 1979.]

[4] 长沙铁道学院, 北方交通大学. 铁路行车组织[M], 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 1980. [Changsha Railway University, Northern Jiaotong University. Organization of Train Operation[M], Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 1980.]

[5] Petersen E R, Taylor A J. A structured model for rail line simulation and optimization[J]. Transportation Science, 1982, 16(2): 192–206.

[6] Carraresi P, Gallo G. Network models for vehicle and crew scheduling[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1984, 16(2): 139–151.

[7] 杨肇夏, 孔庆钤. 微计算机编制双线自动闭塞方向货物列车运行图的研究[J]. 铁道学报, 1985, 7(4): 65–74. [YANG Zhao-xia, KONG, Q Q. Working out of freight train diagrams in automatic block districts of double—track lines and directional freight train diagrams by microcomputers[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 1985, 7(4): 65–74.]

[8] Iida Y. Timetable preparation by A.I. approach[C]. In: Proceeding of European Simulation Multi conference, Nice France, 1988, 163–168.

[9] Jovanovic D, Harker P T. Tactical scheduling of rail operations: the SCAN I system[J]. Transportation Science, 1991, 25(1): 46–64.

[10] 程宇, 秦作睿. 列车运行调整专家系统的研究[J]. 铁道学报, 1992, 14(1): 42–50. [CHENG Yu, QIN Zuorui. Study on the expert system of adjusting train diagram[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 1992, 14(1): 42–50.]

[11] Komaya K. An integrated framework of simulation and scheduling in railway systems[C]. Computers in Railways III, 1992, 611–622.

[12] 孙焰, 李致中. 单线区间列车最优运行次序的排序模型及解法[J]. 铁道学报, 1993, 15(1): 62–71. [LI Yan, LI Zhi-zhong. The scheduling model and its algorithm for OB—Taining the optimal travelling of trains on a single-track line division[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 1993, 15(1): 62–71.]

[13] 郭富娥. 利用计算机编制旅客列车运行方案[J]. 铁道学报, 1993, 15(2): 71–75. [GUO Fu-e. Computer-aided drawing of the passenger train running scheme[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 1993, 15(2): 71–75.]

[14] Cai X, Goh C J. A fast heuristic for the train scheduling problem[J]. Computers and Operations Research, 1994, 21(5), 499–510.

[15] 彭其渊, 杨明伦. 计算机编制复线实用货物列车运行图的整数规划模型及求解方法[J]. 中国铁道科学, 1994, 15(4): 60–66. [PENG Qi-yuan, YANG Ming-lun. The integer programming model and its solution for making double-track train working graph with computer[J], China Railway Science, 1994, 15(4): 60–66.]

[16] Lyer R V, Ghosh S. DARYN-A distributed decision-making algorithm for railway networks: modeling and simulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 1995, 44(1): 180–191.

[17] Higgins A, Kozan E, Ferreira L. Optimal scheduling of trains on a single line track[J]. Transportation Research B 1996, 30(2): 147–161.

[18] Ho T K, Mao B H, Yang Z X. A multi-train movement simulator with moving block system[C]. Computers in Railways VI, WIT Press, Portugal, 1998, 783–792.

[19] 周磊山, 胡思继, 马建军. 计算机编制网状线路列车运行图的方法研究[J], 铁道学报, 1998, 20(5): 15–21. [ZHOU Lei-shan, HU Si-ji, Ma Jian-jun. Network Hierarchy Parallel algorithm of automatic train scheduling[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 1998, 20(5): 15–21.]

[20] CHIANG Te-wei, HUA Hai-yen. Knowledge-based system for railway scheduling[J]. Data and Knowledge Engineering, 1998, 27(3): 289–312.

[21] 彭其渊, 王宝杰. 基于实用的一种网络列车运行图计算方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 1999, 34(5): 105–110. [PENG Qi-yuan, WANG Bao Jie. A practical algorithm for making train diagram of railway network[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 1999, 34(5): 105–110.]

[22] Sahin I. Railway traffic control and train scheduling based on inter-train conflict management[J]. Transportation Research B, 1999, 33(7): 511–534.

[23] 毛保华, 何天健, 袁振洲, 等. 通用列车运行仿真系统研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2000, 22(1): 1–6.[Mao B H, Ho T K, YUAN Zhen-zhou, et al. A general purposed simulation system on train movement[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2000, 22(1): 1–6.]

[24] Lindner T. Train Schedule Optimization in Public Rail Transport[D], University Braunschweig, 2000.

[25] 聂磊, 赵鹏, 杨浩, 等. 高速铁路动车组运用的研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2001, 23(3): 1–7. [Nie L, Zhao P,Yang H, et al. Study on motor trainset operation in high speed railway[J], Journal of the China Railway Society, 2001, 23(3): 1–7.]

[26] Caprara A, Monaci M, Toth P. A global method for crew planning in railway applications[C]. In: Computer-aided scheduling of public transport, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 2001, 17–36.

[27] 彭其渊, 朱松年, 王培, 等. 网络列车运行图的数学模型及算法研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2001, 23(1): 1–8. [PENG Qi-yuan, ZHU Song-nian, WANG Pei, et al. Model and algorithm of the network train diagram system[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2001, 23(1): 1–8.]

[28] 杨肇夏, 毛保华, 何天健. 铁路运输模拟系统研究综述[J]. 北方交通大学学报, 2002, 26(5): 1–8 [MAO Baohua, YANG Zhaoxia, HO Tin-kin. Situation and development of railway transportation system simulators[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2002, 26(5): 1–8.]

[29] 石道华, 丁勇, 毛保华. 基于设备能力利用的铁路运输服务水平研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2002, 3(1): 119–123. [SHI Dao-hua, DING Yong, MAO Bao-hua. On Levels of Service of Railway Facilities Based on Capacity Utility[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2002, 3(1): 119–123.]

[30] 丁勇, 毛保华, 刘海东, 等. 定时约束条件下列车节能操纵的仿真算法研究[J], 系统仿真学报, 2004, 16(10): 2241–2244. [DING Yong, MAO Bao-hua, LIU Hai-dong. An algorithm for energy-efficient train operation simulation with fixed running time[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2004, 16(10): 2241–2244.]

[31] Dorfman M J, Medanic J. Scheduling trains on a railway network using a discrete event model of railway traffic[J]. Transportation Research Part B, 2004, 38(1): 81–98.

[32] 史峰, 黎新华, 秦进, 等. 单线列车运行图铺划的时间循环迭代优化方法[J], 铁道学报, 2005, 27(1): 1–5. [SHI Feng, LI, Xin-hua, Qin Jin, et al. A timing-cycle iterative optimizing method for drawing single-track railway train diagrams[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2005, 27(1): 1–5.]

[33] Mao B, Liu J, Ding, Y, et al. Signalling layout for fixed-block railway lines with real-coded genetic algorithms[J]. HKIE Transaction, 2006, 13(1): 35–41.

[34] 陈团生, 毛保华, 何宇强. 旅客列车发车时间域优化研究[J], 铁道学报, 2006, 28(4): 12–16. [CHEN, Tuan-sheng, MAO Bao-hua, HE Yu-qiang. Study on optimization of the departure time domain of passenger trainsit[J]. Journal of China Railway Society, 2006, 28(4): 12–16.]

[35] 刘海东,毛保华,丁勇, 等. 城市轨道交通列车节能问题及方案研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2007, 7(5): 68–73. [LIU Hai-dong, MAO Bao-hua, DING Yong, et al. Research of train energy-saving and evaluation of schemes of urban mass transit[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2007, 7(5): 68–73.]

[36] Joaquín R. A constraint programming model for real-time train scheduling at junctions[J]. Transportation Research Part B, 2007, 41(2): 231–245.

[37] 胡思继. 列车运行图编制理论[M], 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2007. [HU Si-ji. Train Scheduling Drawing up Theory, Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 2007.]

[38] Fukumori K, Sano H, Hasegawa T, et al. Fundamental algorithm for train scheduling based on artificial intelligence[J]. Systems and Computers in Japan, 2007, 18(3): 52–64.

[39] Jia W Z, Mao B H, Liu H D, et al. Service robustness analysis of trains by a simulation method[C]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Traffic and Transportation Studies[C], ASCE, USA, 2008, 752–762.

[40] 毛保华, 孙全欣, 陈绍宽. 2008年中国综合交通结构分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2009, 9(1): 10–18. [Mao Bao-hua, Sun Quan-xin, Chen Shao-kuan. Structural analysis on 2008 intercity transport system of China[J], Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2009, 9(1): 10–18.]

[41] 孟令云, 杨肇夏, 李海鹰, 等. 客运专线列车运行仿真系统初始映像研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2009, 9(1): 62–67. [MENG Ling-yun, YANG Zhao-xiao, LI Hai-ying, et al. Simulation initialization method of train running on passenger dedicated railway line[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2009, 9(1): 62–67.]

[42] Caimi G, Burkolter D, Herrmann T, et al. Design of a railway scheduling model for dense services[J]. Networks and Spatial Economics, 2009, 9(1):25–46.