关键词: 城市交通, 信号配时, 机动车比功率, 交通仿真, 单点交叉口, 排放因子, 延误

Abstract:

To reduce vehicle delays and traffic emissions, a method of calibrating the emission factors during red and green for a signalized intersection is proposed on the basis of vehicle specific power. According to operations research and traffic flow theory, the optimization model of signal timing is presented for an isolated intersection. The objectives of the model are to minimize the vehicle delays and traffic emissions. Considering the three pollutants of CO, HC and NOx in car exhaust, traffic simulation experiments are designed using the VISSIM software, the algorithms of calibrating the model parameters and solving the optimization models are programmed using the MATLAB software. In view of the vehicle running data, two categories of emission factors for each lane group and each pollutant are both calibrated, and the proposed biobjective signal timing optimization model is validated. The results show that, compared with only minimizing the vehicle delays, the optimal signal timing scheme obtained by the bi- objective optimization model makes the average delay per vehicle and traffic emissions decrease by 19% and 11%, respectively. The research can effectively decrease vehicle delays and emissions for an intersection and provide a theoretical basis for developing the arterial signal timing optimization models with the concern of traffic emissions.

Key words: urban traffic, signal timing, vehicle specific power, traffic simulation, isolated intersections, emission factors, delay