交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 60-71.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.02.006

• 综合交通运输体系 • 上一篇    下一篇

响应式公交-货车相协同的农村寄递物流选址-路径优化

孙文杰*1,2 ,张锦2 ,李国旗2   

  1. 1. 山东工商学院,工商管理学院,山东烟台264005;2.西南交通大学,交通运输与物流学院,成都611756
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-19 修回日期:2026-02-21 接受日期:2026-03-06 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-04-20
  • 作者简介:孙文杰(1995—),男,山东青岛人,预聘副教授,博士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(42271195);山东工商学院科研启动基金 (BS2025110)。

Rural Delivery Logistics Location-Routing Optimization with Cooperative Distribution of Demand-Response Bus and Truck

SUN Wenjie*1,2, ZHANG Jin2, LI Guoqi2   

  1. 1. School of Management, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China; 2. School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
  • Received:2026-01-19 Revised:2026-02-21 Accepted:2026-03-06 Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-04-20
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271195);Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Shandong Technology and Business University (BS2025110)。

摘要: 针对山区/偏远农村地区预约响应式客货一体化服务易出现的运营成本高和运输资源错配等问题,本文提出一种融合响应式公交-货车协同配送与送提一体的集成模式。据此,构建以设施车辆使用成本、运输成本、自提成本以及客运服务延迟惩罚成本之和最小化为目标的两层选址-路径模型,并根据模型特征设计一种结合两阶段、输入排序、热启动和有效不等式等策略的加强Benders分解(Benders Decomposition,BD)算法。以四川省某乡镇为案例进行模型和算法的有效性验证,结果表明:客货协同与送提一体的服务模式更具规模效益,其总成本分别较送货到村模式和货车独立配送模式降低了31.33%和9.54%。加强BD算法具有较好的求解速度和质量,能够在80s内生成案例最优解。敏感性分析发现,自提点覆盖半径和固定成本的降低有利于提高自提点可达性;自提点选址结果具有稳定性,受乘车需求覆盖范围影响较小。

关键词: 物流工程, 两层选址-路径问题, 加强Benders分解, 农村寄递物流, 响应式公交-货车协同配送, 送提一体

Abstract: This paper proposes an integrated service mode which combines demand-response bus-truck cooperative distribution with simultaneous home delivery and customer self-pickup. It aims to address the challenge of high operational costs and misallocation of transportation resources effectively associated with utilizing demand-response buses for parcel home delivery in rural areas within mountainous and remote rural areas. Accordingly, a two-echelon location-routing problem model is constructed with the objective of minimizing the sum costs of facility vehicle usage, transportation, self-pickup, and passenger service delay penalty. An improved Benders decomposition algorithm is then designed tailored to the model-specific features, integrating the strategies, such as two-stage, the input ordering, the warm-start, and the effective inequality strategy to achieve rapid solution. The effectiveness of the model and algorithm is validated with a case study from a township in Sichuan Province. The results indicate that the proposed mode exhibits greater economies of scale, reducing the total costs by 31.33% compared to the home delivery mode, and by 9.54% compared to the truck-only delivery mode. The improved BD algorithm offers a superior computational speed and quality, which generates the optimal solution for the case study within 80 seconds. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the accessibility is enhanced by reducing the coverage radius and fixed costs of pickup points. The location of pickup points is minimally affected by the coverage ratio of travel demand.

Key words: logistics engineering, two-echelon location-routing problem, improved Benders decomposition, rural delivery logistics, cooperative distribution of demand-response bus and truck, simultaneous home delivery and customer self-pickup

中图分类号: