关键词: 交通运输经济, 公共交通系统, 干支线, 发车频率, 用户均衡, 弹性需求

Abstract:

Bus priority is one of the important methods to relieve urban congestion. Based on the Wardrop's user equilibrium principle, this paper investigates the riding behavior of commuters who take buses from a living place to a work place in a transit system with feeder- truck lines. The equilibrium bus riding model proposed in this paper incorporates such costs as that associated with average waiting time in the bus stop, invehicle time and transferring time as well as body congestion in buses. The optimal bus frequency is derived in the case of fixed demand. In the elastic demand case, the fare level, bus frequency, the company net profit and the system net benefit are obtained and compared with two types of system configurations, namely system optimum and monopoly by one bus company, respectively. A numerical example is presented to verify the theoretical results which are consistent with classical economics theory. The finding can be helpful in designing the transportation management policies.

Key words: transportation economics, public transport, feeder-truck lines, bus frequency, user equilibrium, elastic demand