交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 26-35.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2025.02.003

• 综合交通运输体系论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

多类城市职住及通勤状态对出行方式选择影响比较

周雨阳*1a，赵聪颖1b，李京昆1b，陈艳艳1a，柳堤1a，王书灵2   

  1. 1. 北京工业大学，a.交通工程北京市重点实验室，b.北京市城市交通运行保障工程技术研究中心，北京100124； 2. 北京交通发展研究院，北京100073
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-01 修回日期:2025-01-03 接受日期:2025-01-18 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-19
  • 作者简介:周雨阳(1984—)，女，黑龙江齐齐哈尔人，副教授。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金(23YJAZH228)；北京市自然科学基金-丰台轨道交通前沿研究联合基金 (L231025, L241079)。

Comparison on Influence of Job-housing and Commuting Status on Travel Mode Choice in Multiple Types of Cities

ZHOU Yuyang*1a,ZHAO Congying1b,LI Jingkun1b,CHEN Yanyan1a,LIU Di1a,WANG Shuling2   

  1. 1a. Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, 1b. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Urban Transport Operation Guarantee, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; 2. Beijing Transportation Development Research Institute, Beijing 100073, China
  • Received:2024-12-01 Revised:2025-01-03 Accepted:2025-01-18 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-04-19
  • Supported by:
    Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (23YJAZH228)；Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L231025, L241079)。

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摘要： 建立绿色高效的出行服务体系是我国绿色出行行动计划的重要内容，需要考虑居民职住状态和通勤方式在不同等级城市中的异质性。本文基于来自3类城市的1788份有效问卷，构建SEM-MNL (Structural Equation Modeling-Multinomial Logit)模型，量化分析职住状态、通勤属性和个人经济特征对多类别城市通勤方式选择的综合影响。研究发现，潜变量通勤属性是影响出行方式的关键因素，相较于一线和新一线城市，其在普通城市中的约束作用更为明显。职住状态通过通勤属性间接影响通勤方式选择，3类城市路径系数分别为0.83，0.89和0.93。居住类型在一线城市和普通城市对通勤距离和方式选择的作用呈现相反趋势，一线城市高学历者倾向绿色出行，非一线反之。新一线城市短通勤距离居民租房比例最高，且有近半数选择慢行交通。通过调整职住分布提高短距离通勤比例，可以提升绿色出行分担率，随着城市等级下沉，调控反馈灵敏度增高。研究结果为多类城市职住平衡和交通基础设施规划提供了差异化政策建议，有利于促进低碳出行，助推城市交通供需平衡和可持续发展。

关键词: 城市交通, 出行方式选择, 结构方程模型, 通勤属性, 职住状态

Abstract: Establishing a green and efficient travel service system is an important part of China's Green Travel Action Plan. It is necessary to consider the heterogeneity of job-housing status and commuting mode in different levels of cities. Based on 1788 valid questionnaires collected from three types of cities, the SEM-MNL model is constructed to quantitatively analyze the comprehensive impact of job-housing status, commuting attributes and personal economic characteristics on the choice of commuting modes in various types of cities. The findings reveal that the latent variable commuting attribute is the key factor affecting the travel mode, and the restrictive effect is more prominent in ordinary cities than in first-tier and new first-tier cities. Job-housing status indirectly affects commuting mode choice through commuting attributes. The path coefficients of three classes of cities are 0.83, 0.89, and 0.93, respectively. The effects of residential type on commuting distance and mode choice show an opposite trend in first-tier cities and ordinary cities. Highly educated travelers in first-tier cities prefer green travel modes, while in non-first-tier cities, the result is reversed. In new first-tier cities, residents with short commute distances have the highest proportion of renting, nearly half of them choose slow-speed transportation. Adjusting the job-housing distribution to increase the proportion of short-distance commuting can raise the share of green travel mode. As the city level declines, the feedback sensitivity of regulation increases. The research results provide differentiated policy recommendations for job-housing balance and transportation infrastructure planning in multiple types of cities. The results are conducive to promoting the low-carbon travel and contribute to the balance of urban transportation supply and demand and thus sustainable development.

Key words: urban traffic, travel mode choice, structural equation model, commuting attribute, job-housing status

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