应用虚拟现实技术的行人交通研究综述

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.03.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对应用虚拟现实（VR）技术研究行人交通的200篇文献进行综述，从实验任务、实验场景、研究对象与研究主题方面系统地归纳阐述，全面梳理相关研究现状，并对未来研究方向提出建议。研究表明：行人交通VR实验任务中，撤离与过街任务占比最高，反映VR技术在模拟高风险和复杂交通场景方面的优势和适用性。不同的实验任务侧重选择不同的场景要素，撤离与寻路任务强调空间结构和标志标识，过街任务聚焦道路与车辆特征，行走任务突出他人作用。通过对动态和静态环境变量的灵活设置与精细调控，VR为发掘行人交通内在规律与作用机制提供精准可控的技术支持。研究对象方面，路径选择与过街决策占据核心地位，生理属性与心理属性在各类任务中占比相当，研究从单纯行为观察逐渐转向多维耦合机制的揭示。研究主题方面，揭示人与环境以及车辆和他人交互关系的研究在各类实验任务中均占主导地位，随着数智时代新型设施、装备与服务的更新，交互关系的研究有望进一步拓展；异质性与特殊人群研究成为热点，危险行为识别暂集中于过街任务，VR为个体级的认知、反应和行为提供动态的观察视角与分析手段，在进一步探索个体差异性与行为多样性方面仍具备潜力；VR有效性和系统及措施性能评价的研究在各类实验任务中均有涉及，对VR系统的科学评价与校准将助力其充分发挥潜能。针对以上发展现状，未来可强化VR实验的准确性与适用性研究，加强多模态数据融合与行为机制建模，完善自动驾驶汽车应用下行人过街研究，并充分发挥VR技术在不同场景中识别及纠正行人危险行为的作用。

关键词: 交通工程, 决策与行为, 文献计量统计, 行人交通, 虚拟现实, VR实验

Abstract: This paper reviews 200 studies that employ virtual reality (VR) technology in pedestrian traffic research, and systematically summarizes the existing work from the perspectives of experimental tasks, experimental scenarios, research subjects, and research themes. A comprehensive overview of the current research progress is provided, and future development directions are proposed. Results show that evacuation and street-crossing tasks take account for the highest proportion of VR-based pedestrian experiments, which reflects the advantages and applicability of VR in simulating high-risk and complex traffic environments. Different tasks emphasize different scenario components: evacuation and wayfinding tasks focus on spatial structure and signage, and street-crossing tasks emphasize roadway and vehicle characteristics, while walking tasks highlight the interpersonal influences. By enabling the flexible configuration and fine-grained control of dynamic and static environmental variables, VR provides a precise and controllable technical support for exploring the underlying mechanisms of pedestrian traffic. With the respect to research subjects, path choice and street-crossing decision-making constitute the core areas of investigation, and physiological and psychological attributes appear with comparable frequency across different tasks. Research has gradually shifted from simple behavioral observation to the analysis of multidimensional coupled mechanisms. In terms of research themes, studies which examine pedestrian interactions with the environment, vehicles, and other individuals dominate across all types of experimental tasks. As new technologies, facilities, and services emerge in the era of digital intelligence, interaction-oriented research is expected to further expand. Research on heterogeneous and special populations has become a hotspot, while hazardous behavior identification remains concentrated in street-crossing tasks. VR provides dynamic tools for observing and analyzing the individual cognition, responses, and behavior, which offers a substantial potential for further exploration of individual differences and behavioral diversity. Studies on VR validity, system performance, and intervention effectiveness are found across various tasks, and the scientific evaluation and calibration of VR systems will help unlock their full potential. In view of the current research landscape, future work may focus on improving the accuracy and applicability of VR experiments, enhancing multimodal data fusion and behavioral-mechanism modeling, advancing pedestrian street-crossing studies under automated-vehicle scenarios, and further leveraging VR to identify and mitigate hazardous pedestrian behaviors across diverse environments.

Key words: traffic engineering, decision and behavior, bibliometric statistic, pedestrian traffic, virtual reality, VR experiment

中图分类号:

U491

张琦, 张思雨, 李得伟. 应用虚拟现实技术的行人交通研究综述[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2026, 26(3): 176-191.

ZHANG Qi, ZHANG Siyu, LI Dewei. Review of Pedestrian Traffic Research with Virtual Reality Technology[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2026, 26(3): 176-191.

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链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.03.017

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V26/I3/176

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