基于跨线灵活编组的多交路列车运行图优化研究

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.03.032

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 360-370.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.03.032

基于跨线灵活编组的多交路列车运行图优化研究

齐嫣然¹ ，张翕然¹，李正中^*1，陈绍宽²，赵疆昀³

1. 天津市交通科学研究院，天津300074；2.北京交通大学，交通运输学院，北京100044； 3. 天津轨道交通运营集团有限公司，天津300392

收稿日期:2026-02-24 修回日期:2026-04-03 接受日期:2026-04-24 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-06-23
作者简介:齐嫣然（1998—），女，河北沧州人，工程师。
基金资助:
：天津市交通运输科技发展计划项目(2025-46)。

Optimization of Multi-route Train Timetable with Flexible Formation Under Interconnected Operation Mode

QI Yanran¹, ZHANG Xiran¹, LI Zhengzhong^*1, CHEN Shaokuan², ZHAO Jiangyun³

1. Tianjin Transportation Research Institute, Tianjin 300074, China; 2. School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; 3. Tianjin Rail Transit Operation Group Co Ltd, Tianjin 300392, China

Received:2026-02-24 Revised:2026-04-03 Accepted:2026-04-24 Online:2026-06-25 Published:2026-06-23
Supported by:
Transportation Technology Development Plan Project of Tianjin, China (2025-46)。

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对轨道交通Y型线路主支线客流时空异质性显著、传统固定编组方案运力适配失衡的问题，本文提出一种融合跨线运营与灵活编组的多交路列车运行图优化方法。明确灵活编组模式“解编-连挂”作业逻辑与多交路布局，系统考虑编解连挂作业、安全间隔、车底接续、可用车数量等实操约束，构建最小化乘客总等待时间与列车正线运行车公里数的双目标优化模型；进一步设计适配跨线场景的多目标遗传算法，通过实数编码刻画交路起点、编组形式和列车时刻等核心决策变量，结合非支配排序与拥挤距离求解输出帕累托最优解集。以某市跨线Y型线路为实证对象，验证模型与算法的有效性。结果表明，优化方案通过灵活编组与多交路协同调度，可精准适配主支线客流时空分布差异。相较于传统支线独立运营模式，乘客总等待时间平均降低1.4%，车辆走行公里数平均减少10.8%；与并线贯通模式相比，乘客总等待时间降低54.2%，实现“乘客体验-运营成本”的帕累托最优权衡，为Y型跨线轨道交通互联互通运营提供科学可行的技术支撑。

关键词: 城市交通, 轨道交通, 运行图编制, 跨线运营, 灵活编组

Abstract: In view of the significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity of passenger flow on the main and branch lines of Y-shaped rail transit lines and the transport capacity-demand mismatch arising from the traditional fixed marshalling scheme, this paper proposes an optimization method for multi-route train timetables integrating cross-line operation and flexible marshalling. The operation logic of the coupling-decoupling process in the flexible marshalling mode and the multi-route layout are clarified. Practical operational constraints, including coupling/decoupling operations, safety headways, rolling stock connections, and the number of available rolling stocks, are considered systematically. A bi-objective optimization model is developed to minimize the total passenger waiting time and the train-kilometers of main line operation. Furthermore, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is designed for the cross-line scenarios. Core decision variables such as route starting points, marshalling modes, and train timetables are represented by real-number coding. The Pareto optimal solution set is derived by combining non-dominated sorting and crowding distance. The effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified through an empirical example in a cross-line Y-shaped rail transit line in a city. The results indicate that the proposed optimization scheme well considers the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of passenger flows on main and branch lines through flexible marshalling and coordinated scheduling of multiple routes. Compared to the traditional independent branch line operation mode, the total passenger waiting time decreases by an average of 1.4%, and the vehicle operating kilometers are reduced by 10.8% on average. Whereas, in contrast to the through-merge operation mode, the total passenger waiting time decreases by 54.2%. This scheme achieves a Pareto-optimal balance between passenger experience and operational costs, and offers scientific and practical technical support for the interconnection operation of Y-shaped cross-line rail transit systems.

Key words: urban transportation, rail transit, timetable scheduling, interconnected operation, flexible formation

中图分类号:

U121

齐嫣然, 张翕然, 李正中, 陈绍宽, 赵疆昀. 基于跨线灵活编组的多交路列车运行图优化研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2026, 26(3): 360-370.

QI Yanran, ZHANG Xiran, LI Zhengzhong, CHEN Shaokuan, ZHAO Jiangyun. Optimization of Multi-route Train Timetable with Flexible Formation Under Interconnected Operation Mode[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2026, 26(3): 360-370.

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http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V26/I3/360

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基于跨线灵活编组的多交路列车运行图优化研究

Optimization of Multi-route Train Timetable with Flexible Formation Under Interconnected Operation Mode

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