Healthcare Accessibility for the Elderly by Bus Based on Inferring
Seeking Healthcare Activities

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.022

Abstract

Abstract: To conduct a precise assessment of elderly passengers' accessibility to healthcare services via bus , this study constructs bus travel chains based on travel data from elderly cards, infers healthcare activities from bus travel chains, and determines the actual travel demands and durations. Real-time bus arrival data is introduced to reflect the impact of the actual bus operation level on the healthcare accessibility. To reflect the entire travel process, a real travel cost matrix including waiting, travel, and transfer times is constructed. Considering the difference in the service supply capacity of different hospitals, the comprehensive service capacity index is constructed. Hierarchical service radius and the Gaussian distance decay function are introduced, and the calculation method of accessibility to healthcare services by bus based on the improved two-step floating catchment area method is further proposed. Taking the area within Beijing's Six Ring Road as a case study, the results show a diminishing trend in healthcare service accessibility for the elderly, gradually decreasing from the city center towards peripheral areas. The distribution of accessibility in the peripheral areas also shows spatial heterogeneity, in which the eastern and western areas beyond the Fifth Ring Road exhibit relatively favorable accessibility, while the northern and southeastern zones exhibit comparatively poorer accessibility. The mean accessibility during peak hours is significantly lower than that during off-peak hours in all regions. This study provides insights for improving the accessibility of elderly to healthcare services and the level of aging adaptation of bus system.

Key words: urban traffic, observed accessibility, two- step floating catchment area method, elderly passengers, travel chain for seeking healthcare

摘要： 为准确评估老年人公交就医出行的实际可达性，本文基于老年卡数据构建公交出行链，提出基于公交出行链的老年人就医活动推断方法，获取老年人的实际就医出行需求和出行时间。引入公交实时到站数据以反映公交实际运营水平对就医可达性的影响，构建面向出行全过程的实际出行成本矩阵，包括等候时间、乘车时间、换乘时间。考虑不同医院服务供给能力差异构建综合服务能力指标，引入分级服务半径和高斯距离衰减函数，提出基于改进两步移动搜索法的老年人公交就医可达性计算方法。以北京市六环内区域为例进行实证分析，结果表明：老年人公交就医可达性整体呈现由中心向外围递减的趋势，在城市外围区域其分布也存在空间异质性，五环路外的东部和西部区域可达性较好，而北部、东北部区域的可达性相对较差；各区域高峰时段的平均可达性均明显低于平峰时段的平均可达性。本文可为提升老年人就医出行可达性和公交系统适老化水平提供支撑。

关键词: 城市交通, 实际可达性, 两步移动搜索法, 老年乘客, 就医出行链

CLC Number:

U121

WENG Jiancheng, ZHANG Yunfei, LIN Pengfei, LI Wenjie. Healthcare Accessibility for the Elderly by Bus Based on Inferring Seeking Healthcare Activities[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2024, 24(1): 221-229.

翁剑成, 张云飞, 林鹏飞, 李文杰. 基于就医活动推断的老年人公交就医可达性研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(1): 221-229.

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URL: http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.022

http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/Y2024/V24/I1/221

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Healthcare Accessibility for the Elderly by Bus Based on Inferring Seeking Healthcare Activities

基于就医活动推断的老年人公交就医可达性研究

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