Abstract: Effective pedestrian organization plan and management is necessary for the crowded spectators in the complex venue and environment in special event. 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is a real big challenge to the staff in responsible for pedestrian management and related planning tasks. This paper introduces a simulation method of application on pedestrian facilities and management during the Beijing Olympic Games. According to the pedestrian characters in the Olympics, actual data are colleted for parameter calibration, and then simulation approach is introduced. The methodology and its application were illustrated through a case study on the National Stadium-the main stadium of the Beijing Olympic Games. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the pedestrian facilities and pedestrian management methods, different pedestrian egress plans were proposed and the optimal plan was identified through the simulation study. The actual pedestrian traffic operations during the Olympic Games proved the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed methodology and egress plan.

Key words: Olympic Games, pedestrian traffic, simulation, evacuation

摘要： 大型活动人员密集、场地条件相对复杂，需要有效的行人交通规划和组织管理方案。2008北京奥运会的举办对主办方的行人交通组织和规划工作提出了严峻的挑战。本文介绍了应用仿真工具辅助奥运会期间行人设施和交通组织方案设计的分析方法。在把握行人交通特点和奥运会行人集散特点基础上，采集北京赛事活动中的行人交通流数据，标定模型参数，设计仿真方法。结合仿真结果，综合分析行人设施和管理方案，提出行人设施及行人疏散组织方案的优化建议，并以北京奥运会的主会场——国家体育场为例对方法应用进行说明。奥运会期间国家体育场及场馆外围行人交通运行的实际效果证明了相关方案和建议是可行和有效的。

关键词: 奥运会, 行人交通, 仿真, 疏散