Abstract: The paper focuses on transportation modes of spectators which are important to transportation management of big events. Surveys were conducted in six venues during the 29th Olympic Games. The changes of transportation modes in the same venue before and during the Olympic Games are also investigated (including the Olympic Green during “Good Luck Beijing” sport events, rehearsals, the Opening and Closing Ceremonies, and the Olympic sport events). The survey data reveal the impact of venue locations and traffic infrastructure on transportation modes; besides, with the same traffic infrastructure, private cars and taxis were greatly reduced by taking measures in traffic demand management and traffic management. The paper offers experiences and data references to transportation management of other big events.

Key words: urban traffic, transportation management, big events, transportation modes, Olympic Games

摘要： 以大型活动交通组织工作最为关心的观众交通方式为研究对象. 对奥运会期间六个不同场馆之间的交通方式差异，以及同一场馆在奥运会前后交通方式的演变历程进行了调查（包括奥运公园“好运北京”测试赛、彩排、开闭幕式、比赛日等一系列调查），调查数据反映了场馆所处的位置、交通设施条件对交通方式的影响；以及，在同等交通设施条件下，采用需求管理措施和严格的交通管制措施能够大幅降低私家车、出租车的出行比例. 文中的数据及结论可为大型活动交通组织工作提供经验借鉴和参考.

关键词: 城市交通, 交通管理, 大型活动, 交通方式, 奥运会