Abstract:

It has gradually expanded that the gap of energy intensity between Chinese transportation and the average, so that energy saving and environmental protection in transportation industry become one of the short boards. Based on the panel data of Chinese 30 regions from 1995 to 2012, we use the stochastic frontier production function to analyze energy efficiency and the affecting factors of transportation industry. The result proves that, the energy efficiency of Chinese transportation industry is in an overall upward trend with flat W type, and has an average of 56.3% of the energy saving potential. There are significant differences between eastern, central and western region, it shows the spatial pattern of gradual decline from east to west. The results of total factor energy efficiency are more conservative than energy intensity’s; provinces transportation energy efficiency from 2004 to 2012 at an average annual rate of 9.6% divergence; western region diverge most significantly, the average annual rate of 10.7% divergence; economic opening, industrialization process and human resources significantly enhance the energy efficiency of transportation industry, while institutional factors and government intervention is significantly inhibited, and the level of infrastructure are not significant.

Key words: integrated transportation, energy efficiency, stochastic frontier function model, transportation industry, convergence analysis, influence factors

摘要：

交通运输业能耗强度与各行业平均水平的差距逐步扩大，使得交通运输业逐 步成为节能环保的短板之一.在此背景下，利用随机前沿模型，以中国30 省区为样本，测 算1995—2012 年各地区交通运输业全要素能源效率并进行影响因素分析.结果表明，全 要素视角下的中国交通运输业能源效率总体呈扁平W型走势波动上升，平均有56.3%的 节能潜力；东中西部地区差异明显，呈现自东向西逐步下降的空间格局；全要素评价结果 比单要素能源效率更加稳健；各省区交通运输业能源效率在2004—2012 年以年均9.6% 的速度发散，其中西部地区年均发散速率达到10.7%；对外开放、工业化进程、人力资本显 著促进交通运输业能源效率的提升，制度因素与政府干预抑制作用明显，基础设施水平 的影响不显著.

关键词: 综合交通运输, 能源效率, 随机前沿模型, 交通运输业, 收敛分析, 影响因素