Abstract: This paper discusses the relation between the road tolling and the traffic volume distribution. A bi-level programming model and its solution based on sensitivity analysis is proposed to describe the problem of using pricing under the fixed demand. Finally, a numeral example is given to show the how the road impedance changes with the toll rate.

Key words: toll road, bi-level programming, user equilibrium, sensitivity analysis

摘要： 双层规划及其求解算法在路网预测、票价制定等方面的应用已经取得了显著的成果.本文探讨了固定需求下公路收费标准与路网交通量分配之间的关系，利用一个双层规划模型来描述收费标准的制定问题，在此基础上利用灵敏度分析方法重点分析收费标准对道路阻抗的影响关系，最后通过一个数值算例加以证明.

关键词: 收费公路, 双层规划, 用户均衡, 灵敏度分析