Abstract: This paper summarizes how urban transport system is modeled from the aspects of physical model, conceptional model, and the theory of simulation model. Based on the four-stage-model, this paper discusses the basic points and processes of establishing a macro simulation model. Finaly, taking the macro transport strategic model in Beijing as an example, the paper gives a minute description of model development. It is proved that macro simulation model can efficiently analyzes urban transport system and provides key parameters to urban planning, construction and management. Quantitative simulation platform is an important measure to make the decisions much scientific.

Key words: urban transport, macro simulation, transport model, transport planning

摘要： 从物理模型、概念模型和仿真模型原理三个方面，讨论了城市交通宏观模型的建模方法。在文中，以四阶段模型为基础给出了宏观仿真模型的建模要点和步骤。最后，以北京市域宏观交通战略模型为例，对模型开发环节进行了描述。实践证明，城市交通宏观仿真模型，能够有效地分析城市交通系统运行状态，为城市规划、建设与管理工作提供所需关键参数，定量化的仿真平台是提高决策科学性的重要手段。

关键词: 城市交通, 宏观仿真, 交通模型, 交通规划