Abstract: The movement and force of crowds are analyzed from the micro-model at high density. The compression and deformation among crowds are emphasized, which is different from the classic models. The elastically deformation and the movement are close correlated. It is elastically deformation that results in the force spreading and accumulating through the crowds, which is the important cause of the disaster. The failure of crowd simulation at high density lies in its loss of force speading.

Key words: crowds, compressed force, micro-simulation, non-ideal

摘要： 本论文从微观角度建模和仿真高密度下人群中个体的运动和受力，研究行人个体之间存在的压缩和变形，是非理想状态下的建模。本微观模型允许人们的身体在物理上更密切地接触，展示这种由于挤压力导致的人体一定的变形和压缩，及这种弹性变形与流动特点的互为影响关系，力求避免该类事故的一再发生。研究表明正是这种压缩和变形才导致了力在拥挤人群的传播和积聚，从而引发事故，目前很多的仿真软件不能揭示之所以在密度过大时容易失败，重要原因就之一是没有考虑人的受力，尤其是在高密度时力在人群中的传播。

关键词: 拥挤人群, 压缩变形, 挤压力, 微观仿真, 非理想状态