Abstract: During the Beijing Olympics, as a major mode to support the urban traffic, Beijing subway adopted a series measures to give guarantee to smooth operation of traffic, which included designing specific train schedules and extending the operation time of subway lines. Viewed from the characteristics of passenger flow in temporal distributions especially the opening and closing ceremony day and directional distributions such as the stations around competition venues, this paper analyzed the variety of the traffic flow in Beijing transit railway. The results indicate that the influence on passenger volumes from the Olympics is significantly associated with the layout of the Olympics stadiums. The subway passenger volumes in central districts experienced little increase both in weekdays and holidays. In the other aspect, the passenger flow had little rise in weekdays but reached a much higher amount in holidays.

Key words: Olympic traffic, Beijing subway, passenger flow, temporal and spatial distributions characteristics

摘要： 2008年北京奥运会期间，作为最主要交通方式之一的北京地铁采取了一系列措施，如编制奥运期间地铁运行图，延长地铁各线运营时间等，为两大奥运赛事期间赛会交通和城市日常交通的顺畅运行提供了保障。本文从时空分布特征角度分析了奥运期间日均客流量，尤其是开、闭幕式等重点日客流特征和各运营线路尤其是紧邻奥运会热点赛事场馆的车站进站量客流变化。分析结果表明，奥运会对北京地铁客流的影响与奥运场馆的地区分布密切相关，奥运期间北京中心城区地铁平日客流量变化较小、假日小幅增长，而奥运会热点赛事地区地铁平日客流量呈小幅度增长、假日则大幅度增加。

关键词: 奥运交通, 北京地铁, 客流量, 时空分布特征