Abstract: To explore the relevant characteristics of Beijing residents’ travel time, especially the values of travel time, the authors organized a small-sample survey and received 1305 effective reports. First, the design of the survey scheme was introduced, including selection of items, estimation of sample quantity, and selection of locations. Then, the average value of the travel time was calculated in terms of modes and purposes based on the surveyed data. In addition, the low dispersion coefficients indicate that the average value has a good representative quality. The average travel time cost per time in terms of different modes and purposes was calculated based on the data of average salary, travel time, and purpose per person relevant to each travel mode. The results indicated that for the purpose of job and business, the travel time cost per person by car or public transit is nearly 10–17 RMB. It means that if the efficiency of the entire road network is greatly improved, the cost time saved by the whole society is quite huge.

Key words: travel time survey, travel time cost, small samples, dispersion coefficients

摘要： 为了了解北京市居民出行时间相关特征，特别是出行时间成本的数值情况，组织了一次小样本出行时间特征调查，得到1 305份有效样本。首先介绍了调查方案的设计，包括调查指标的选择、样本量的估算、调查地点的选择等内容，然后本文对样本数据分方式、分出行目的分别进行了出行时间均值的统计计算，离散系数较小说明了均值的代表性较好.在调查得到各出行方式对应的人均工资、出行时间、出行目的的数据基础上，计算出单次出行各方式、各目的对应的平均出行时间成本.结果表明，以小汽车、公共交通为出行方式的工作、商务出行，其单次出行时间成本约为10~17元，说明如果提高整个路网的交通系统效率，全社会节约的时间成本是相当可观的。

关键词: 出行时间调查, 出行时间成本, 小样本, 离散系数