Abstract: When the global economic crisis occurs, the Chinese government managed to fuel the national economic growth by extending national market with infrastructure construction. To illustrate the necessity of funding transportation infrastructure construction, the paper points out that the advanced transportation infrastructure should be promoted. By analyzing the development direction of both railway passenger transport and freight transport, the paper puts forward that the passenger transport and a rational railroad structure should be the priority issues of future railway development. It also presents the necessity and practical conditions of building the dedicated passenger railway lines and forming a network in China. Meanwhile, the author advances that infrastructure construction induces the self-improvement of every transport mode and the transportation structure optimization should be considered as well. Finally, relevant problems of railway reform are analyzed, and the author emphasizes that the foundation of the transportation reform is keeping the non-profit nature of transportation all the time.

Key words: extending national market, transportation infrastructure, dedicated passenger railway line, transportation structure

摘要： 为了应对全球性经济危机，我国拟通过推进基础设施建设等手段扩大内需，拉动经济增长。本文阐述了增加交通基础设施建设投资的必要性，强调交通基础设施的建设应当适度超前。分析了铁路客运与货运的发展方向，提出铁路发展的重点是客运和网络结构的合理性。结合我国国情，论述了大力建设高速客运专线并形成快速客运网络的必要性和现实条件。提出了扩大内需加快基础设施建设是各种运输方式自系统的优化和完善，也应考虑交通运输结构的调整和优化。最后，分析了铁路政企分开的利弊，指出把握市场化进程中的公益性是交通改革的关键。

关键词: 扩大内需, 交通基础设施, 客运专线, 交通运输结构