Abstract: Overtaking is a very common travel behavior, but improper conduction always creates rear-end collisions. A crucial factor in the process is the occupying conflict caused by the speed difference. The paper explores the relationship between the vehicle occupying conflict and speed standard deviation by traffic flow simulation with a given mass of vehicles on the road. It also analyzes the influence of traffic volume on the occupying conflict. The simulation results show that the occupying conflict is in direct proportion to the speed standard deviation, and it is the quadratic function of the traffic volume. Finally, an occupying conflict model is developed, which can be used to identify the occupying conflict in traffic flow and evaluate road safety to some extent.

Key words: occupying conflict, traffic flow simulation, speed standard deviation, VISSIM

摘要： 超车是交通流中不可避免的现象，超车和追尾，一个是正常行驶，一个是交通事故，但他们具有一个共同的原因，即都是由速度差引起的“占位冲突”。本文利用微观交通流仿真软件VISSIM，通过交通流仿真试验,研究在给定路段上车辆“占位冲突”与速度标准差的关系，论文还分析了交通流量对“占位冲突”的影响。仿真结果表明“占位冲突”与交通流速度标准差成正比关系；与交通流量成二次函数关系；最后根据以上研究提出单位时间和单位里程的占位冲突次数模型，该模型可以用来估算道路上的交通冲突问题，为评价道路安全提供一定的依据。

关键词: 占位冲突, 交通流仿真, 速度标准差, VISSIM