面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车群组追踪运行仿真研究

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市轨道交通是解决城市交通拥堵问题最强有效的绿色交通方式，其高峰期客流激增且客流时空分布不均，而面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车动态灵活编组和群组追踪运行能有效满足复杂多变的城轨运营需求。本文剖析面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车群组追踪运行过程，给出虚拟连挂列车群组最小安全追踪距离计算公式；以单列标准车长的线路路段为一个元胞单元，设计速度及位移更新规则，构建基于元胞自动机的城轨列车群组追踪运行仿真模型；以某市地铁2号线为背景，多角度仿真刻画面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车群组追踪运行性能。仿真结果表明：面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车群组追踪运行模型能有效缩短列车最小安全追踪间隔时间，城轨线路通过能力较移动闭塞制式提高78.4%；头车延迟引起的后续列车晚点总数量及总晚点时间更小，呈现出更佳的抗干扰性与恢复性能，且宜采用小编组列车实现虚拟连挂；动态混合编组的城轨列车群组追踪运行性能最佳，单一小编组的次之，大编组列车群宜在小编组列车群前面运行；城轨列车群组旅行速度总体上与平均站间距呈正相关；当列车发车间隔大于延迟时间时，平均站间距对列车群组的延迟影响不敏感，相反，则影响较为显著。研究结论能够为面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车群组追踪运行决策提供技术支撑。

关键词: 城市交通, 列车群组追踪运行, 元胞自动机, 城轨列车, 虚拟连挂, 动态灵活编组

Abstract: Urban mass rail transit is the most effective mode of green transportation mode to alleviate urban traffic congestion. During peak periods, there is a surge in passenger flow, resulting in uneven distributions of both time and space at stations. The dynamic and flexible formation and train group tracking operation with virtual coupling can effectively meet the complex and changing operational requirements. In this study, the process of train group tracking operation with virtual coupling is analyzed, and provide the formula for calculating the minimum safe tracking distance in a train group with virtual coupling. The line section with a single standard train length is considered as a cellular unit, and the updating rules for train speed and position are designed. A simulation model based on cellular automata is constructed for train group tracking operation. A multi-angle simulation is conducted on Metro Line 2 of a city. The simulation results show that the model of train group tracking operation with virtual coupling can effectively reduce the minimum safe tracking interval time. It enhances the line capacity, which is increased by 78.4% compared to the moving block system; the delay of the first train in the train group has a less effect on the subsequent trains, indicating better anti-interference and recovery performance. Additionally, it is appropriate to use short- formulation trains for achieving virtual coupling. Among various configurations, the dynamic mixed formation shows optimal tracking performance, followed by single short-formulation trains. Groups of long-formulation trains leading groups of short-formulation trains offering better operational efficiency. The travel speed of the train group is positively correlated with the average station spacing. When the departure interval of trains is larger than the delay time, the average station spacing is insensitive to the delay of train groups. Under opposite conditions, the impact becomes more significant. The findings provide technical support for decision-making in train group tracking operations with virtual coupling for urban mass rail transit.

Key words: urban traffic, train group tracking operation, cellular automata, urban mass rail train, virtual coupling, dynamic and flexible formation

中图分类号:

U121

张英贵, 赵明慧, 张云丽. 面向虚拟连挂的城轨列车群组追踪运行仿真研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(1): 199-209.

ZHANG Yinggui, ZHAO Minghui, ZHANG Yunli. Simulation Research on Train Group Tracking Operation with Virtual Coupling for Urban Mass Rail Transit[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2024, 24(1): 199-209.

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链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.020

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V24/I1/199

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