关键词: 城市交通, 出行选择, 用户均衡, 轨道交通, 快慢车模式, 时间价值, 拥挤成本

Abstract: Examining the spatial and temporal travel patterns of commuters during the morning peak period can help to better organize the express-local mode of rail transit. Starting from a common express-local mode, this paper designed the ride paths based on commuters' boarding train at origin and direct/ transfer options. Then, the travel time, early arrival/late delays and inside crowding were taken as the factors affecting the travel option of morning peak commuters to estimate the travel costs under different ride paths. This paper developed a ride path allocation model based on the user equilibrium theory, and proved the existence and uniqueness of the user equilibrium segment solutions of the model. The equilibrium model was verified through a case study. The results indicate that short distance commuters are more likely to accept trains that are highly congested but the arrival time are close to the work start time. The long-distance commuters show a more even distribution of trip choices. In addition to the travel time factor, the delay penalties and ridership crowding also affect the transfer behavior of morning peak commuters, and transferring to express trains has the potential to reduce the travel time. High delay penalties and congestion costs may cause commuters at some stations to not choose the transfer path.

Key words: urban traffic, travel options, user equilibrium, rail transit, express-local mode, value of time, congestion cost