交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 188-201.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2025.01.018

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

考虑交通拥堵的众包取送货低碳路径优化

吴雪,胡大伟*,王茵   

  1. 长安大学,运输工程学院,西安710064
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25 修回日期:2024-11-20 接受日期:2024-11-27 出版日期:2025-02-25 发布日期:2025-02-24
  • 作者简介:吴雪(1995— ),女,山东济南人,博士生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1512004);陕西省自然科学基金(2023-JC-QN-0796)。

Low Carbon Routing Optimization of Crowd-shipping Pickup and Delivery Distribution Considering Congestion

WU Xue,HU Dawei,WANG Yin   

  1. School of Transportation Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
  • Received:2024-09-25 Revised:2024-11-20 Accepted:2024-11-27 Online:2025-02-25 Published:2025-02-24
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC1512004);Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (2023-JC-QN-0796)。

摘要: 依据不同交通拥堵状况下的车辆行驶时间计算方法,考虑众包配送车辆路径-速度的联合优化,本文提出时间依赖型众包取送货问题(theTime-Dependent Crowdshipping Pickup and Delivery Problem, TD-CPDP),构建混合整数规划模型。设计一类嵌套自由流速度优化机制的改进自适应大邻域搜索算法(the Improved Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search, IALNS)求解模型,以集成路径和速度决策。该算法采用一类回溯寻优的新策略避免陷入局部最优,提出几种移除-修复算子充分探索解空间,引入算子选择的自适应机制提升搜索效率。算法有效性验证部分,对比本文算法与基于扰动的算法、蚁群算法、变邻域搜索算法和自适应大邻域搜索算法,表明IALNS算法的优越性。灵敏度分析表明,相对于车辆以恒定高速或恒定低速行驶,自由流速度优化机制在维持碳排放较低的情况下使配送成本分别降低了3.97%和20.91%;配送成本和碳排放对车辆绕行和众包车补偿价值较为敏感,当众包车辆旅行时间限制和众包车单位时间补偿成本保持在合理范围内时,众包配送的碳排放和成本均维持在较低水平。

关键词: 系统工程, 路径优化, 改进自适应大邻域搜索算法, 众包配送, 拥堵, 碳排放, 速度优化

Abstract: Based on vehicle travel time calculation under different traffic congestion conditions, the time-dependent crowdshipping pickup and delivery problem (TD-CPDP) is proposed, and a mixed integer programming model is developed by considering joint optimization of routing and speed for crowd-shipping vehicles. An improved adaptive large neighborhood search (IALNS) algorithm, incorporating a free-flow speed optimization mechanism, is designed to integrate route and speed decisions. The algorithm features a novel returned optimal searching strategy to avoid local optima, destroy-repair operators for exploring the solution space, and an adaptive mechanism for operator selection to improve search efficiency. Comparative validation with perturbation-based, ant colony, variable neighbourhood search, and adaptive large neighbourhood search algorithms demonstrates the superiority of IALNS algorithm. Sensitivity analysis reveals that, compared to constant high or low vehicle speeds, free-flow speed optimization reduces distribution costs by 3.97% and 20.91% , respectively, while maintaining low carbon emissions. Distribution costs and emissions are sensitive to occasional driver detours and compensation pricing, but both can be kept low when vehicle travel time limits and compensation pricing are within reasonable ranges.

Key words: system engineering, route optimization, improved adaptive large neighborhood search, crowd-shipping, congestion; carbon emissions, speed optimization

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