基于优先级排序的高铁列车时刻表优化

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2025.04.026

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 287-296.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2025.04.026

基于优先级排序的高铁列车时刻表优化

周文梁^*1，朱翚鸿¹ ，光可欣¹，郭一唯^2a,2b

1. 中南大学，交通运输工程学院，长沙410075；2.中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司， a. 中国铁路列车运行图技术中心，b.运输及经济研究所，北京100081

收稿日期:2025-02-10 修回日期:2025-05-17 接受日期:2025-05-20 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-08-25
作者简介:周文梁(1982—)，男，江西永新人，教授，博士。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金 (72471247)；中国国家铁路集团有限公司系统性重大课题 (P2024X002)。

Optimization of Train Timetables for High-speed Rail Based on Priority Sorting

ZHOU Wenliang^*1, ZHU Huihong¹, GUANG Kexin¹, GUO Yiwei^2a,2b

1. School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China; 2a. China Railway Train Working Diagram Technology Center, 2b. Transportation & Economics Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2025-02-10 Revised:2025-05-17 Accepted:2025-05-20 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-08-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72471247)；Systematic Major Research Project of China Railway (P2024X002)。

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为在列车时刻表编制过程中能够基于列车差异性对列车进行差别化处理，本文首先根据各列车速度等级、必停站次数和开行效益等差异对列车进行优先级划分，进而基于列车运行时空网络，以最小化列车总旅行时间，最小化列车始发时刻与期望时刻偏差，以及最大化列车运营效益为目标，建立考虑列车优先级的列车时刻表编制模型。考虑不同优先级列车对时空网络中有向弧占用的紧迫性差异，设计考虑列车优先级的弧组合权优化策略，并以该策略为核心设计列车时刻表编制算法。最后，以北京南至南京南方向的143列列车为例验证算法的有效性。结果分析表明：相比不考虑列车差异性和只考虑标杆车的方法，本文方法使得高优先级列车旅行速度分别提高13.7km·h-1和2.1km·h-1，列车运营效益提高0.6%和3.8%，发车时间总偏移惩罚费用减少46%和27%，由此说明考虑列车属性差异能更好提高列车运行图质量。

关键词: 铁路运输, 列车优先级, 惩罚权优化, 列车时刻表, 路径搜索

Abstract: In order to conduct differential treatment of trains based on their differences during the process of train timetables compilation, this paper first classifies the trains into different priorities according to their speed grades, the number of mandatory stops, and operational benefits. Then, based on the train operation space-time network, a train timetables compilation model considering train priorities is established with the objectives of minimizing the total travel time of trains, minimizing the deviation between the departure time and expected time of trains, and minimizing the cost of train cancellations. Considering the differences in the urgency of occupying the directed arcs in the space-time network by trains of different priorities, an arc combination weight optimization strategy considering train priorities is designed, and a compilation algorithm for train timetables is designed with this strategy as the core. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by taking 143 trains from Beijing South Railway station to Nanjing South Railway station as an example. The result shows that compared with the method not considering train differences and only considering the benchmark train, the travel speed of high-priority train is increased by 13.7 km·h-1 and 2.1 km·h-1, the operational benefits are increased by 0.6% and 3.8%, and the total penalty cost from the deviation of departure time is reduced by 46% and 27%. The results prove that considering the differences among train attributes can better improve the quality of train operation diagram.

Key words: railway transportation, train priorities, penalty-weight optimization, train timetables, path searching

中图分类号:

U292.8

周文梁, 朱翚鸿, 光可欣, 郭一唯. 基于优先级排序的高铁列车时刻表优化[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2025, 25(4): 287-296.

ZHOU Wenliang, ZHU Huihong, GUANG Kexin, GUO Yiwei. Optimization of Train Timetables for High-speed Rail Based on Priority Sorting[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2025, 25(4): 287-296.

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基于优先级排序的高铁列车时刻表优化

Optimization of Train Timetables for High-speed Rail Based on Priority Sorting

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