关键词: 交通网络形态、分形维数、形态计量

Abstract: The process of interactive growth between urban morphology and urban transport networks morphology, needs urban transport network to satisfy the traffic demands of urban social and economic activities, and the morphology of urban transport networks should harmonies with the urban morphology. To measure and analysis the urban transport networks morphology will be helpful to understand the characteristics of urban transport networks, so as to plan and control the develop scale and trend of the networks development, and the urban transport networks morphology will match the urban morphology better. In the view of urban morphology structure “increase and replace” developing mode and the interactive process of “extend sprawl and inter reconstruction” of urban morphology, this paper described the interactive growth relationship and morphological similarity between urban morphology and urban transport networks morphology. How to measure urban rail transit network morphology is also put forward definitely in this paper in advance. Adopting fractal geometry’s principles, this paper builds four fractal dimensions: traffic capacity dimension, passenger coverage dimension, resistant dimension and branch dimension to portray traffic network capacity level, trip service coverage status, traffic network connectivity and their varieties mathematically. A fractal measure method to urban transit rail networks morphology is established in this paper. The measurement to rail transit networks of Beijing, Mexico and Moscow has indicated that the method can character the main fractal features of different rail transit network form preferably.

Key words: rail transit network morphology, fractal dimension, morphology measuring