关键词: 交通运输经济, 混合财政补贴, 线性规划, 对偶理论, 客流量, 车公里, 影子价格

Abstract:

Applying the problem of resource allocation in economics, this paper regards the financial subsidy of public transport operation income and the financial subsidy of public transport vehicle transformation as two kinds of resources, and allocates them to road traffic and rail transit separately. According to the two main subsidy methods of urban public transport, the paper calculates the passenger flow and vehicle kilometer, based on the government's financial subsidy resources and the profit target of public transport enterprises, this paper constructs a linear programming model of urban public transport financial subsidy; calculates the shadow price of urban public transport financial subsidy according to the dual theory of linear programming; compares the difference of shadow price under the two subsidy methods, and puts forward a mixed financial subsidy model of urban public transport. Finally, the feasibility of the model is validated by taking Chongqing's public transport as an example. The study shows that it is more economical for Chongqing's rail transit is subsidized by passenger flow and bus is subsidized by vehicle kilometers. That is to say, the mixed subsidy model is more conducive to the rational allocation of financial subsidies resources.

Key words: transportation economy, mixed financial subsidy, linear programming, duality theory, passenger flow, vehicle kilometer, shadow price