关键词: 航空运输, 民航监视, 目标跟踪, FPGA(现场可编程门阵列), 空中目标, 形心算法

Abstract: Aimed at the requirements of airport and its peripheral airspace safety management of civil aviation and the shortcoming of the existence of blind spots vulnerable to interference of radar tracking, the paper designs a FPGA-based real-time aerial target tracking system. According to the characteristics of the aerial targets, the image with gray frame difference method for target detection, adaptive dual-threshold for target segmentation, centroid tracking method for target tracking, the system achieves up to 25 frames/s real-time processing speed. The impacts of interference are excluded and the tracking capabilities are improved by setting the track area and targeting algorithm. Then, the miss distance in the centroid coordinates is served as the tilt control parameters. According to the value of pixels of the divided target, automatic zoom control is employed during the tracking process. With IDE interface hard disk as storage medium, the FAT32 file system acts as image storage format to record the real-time image. Field experiments show that the system is stable, the tracking algorithm is simple and practical. It is used to assist radar tracking system in tracking and monitoring while airplane is taking off and landing and while there exists airport peripheral moving target.

Key words: air transportation, civil aviation surveillance, target tracking, FPGA (field-programmable gate array), aerial target, centroid algorithm