交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2013, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5): 174-178.

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于M/M/s模型的高速铁路车站售票窗数量分析

孙年友   

  1. 广州铁路(集团)公司 科研所,广州 510080
  • 收稿日期:2013-02-19 修回日期:2013-05-25 出版日期:2013-10-25 发布日期:2013-11-08
  • 作者简介:孙年友(1962-),男,湖南耒阳人,高级工程师,硕士.

Quantities of Ticket Windows in High-speed Railway Stations Based on M/M/s Model

SUN Nian-you   

  1. Guangzhou Railway(Group)Corporation Science & Technology Research Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2013-02-19 Revised:2013-05-25 Online:2013-10-25 Published:2013-11-08

摘要:

揭示了高速铁路车站旅客排队购票问题的特征,发现其符合M/M/s模型的假设条件.基于M/M/s模型,建立了售票窗数量的分析模型.结合广州南站调研数据,计算了不同旅客到达率下的售票窗最少配置数,并研究了队列长和等待时间与旅客到达率的关系.结果表明:售票窗的最少配置数由旅客的到达率和售票窗的售票率决定.在配置最少的售票窗和0.86人/min的售票率下,随着旅客到达率的提高,队列长和等待时间均呈现以6为周期的周期性变化.在每个周期内,两个指标均不断增加,最终的峰值由到达率和售票率之比与售票窗最少配置数的接近程度决定.在较低的旅客到达率下,不同售票率下需要配置的最少售票窗数差别不大,而随着到达率的提高,这种差距会逐渐扩大.

关键词: 铁路运输, 售票窗数量, M/M/s模型, 高速铁路车站, 到达率

Abstract:

The characteristics of passengers waiting in queue for buying tickets in high-speed railway stations are revealed and these characteristics meet the assumptions of M/M/s model. Based on M/M/s model, an analysis model on quantity of ticket windows is established. The minimum ticket windows are calculated under varied passengers’ arrival rates according to the investigation data in Guangzhou South Station. The relationship between queue length, waiting time and arrival rate is also discussed. The results demonstrate that the minimum ticket windows are determined by passengers’ arrival rate and ticket windows’ selling rate. The queue length and waiting time are both in a cycle increase with the rise of arrival rate when configuring the minimum ticket windows and selling 0.86 tickets per window and minute. The cycle period is 6 and the final peak is decided by the approximation of the division between arrival rate and selling rate to the minimum ticket windows. The difference in the configuration of minimum ticket window with varied selling rate is insignificant under lower arrival rate, but it will extend with the increase of arrival rate.

Key words: railway transportation, quantity of ticket windows, M/M/s model, highspeed railway station, arrival rate

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