交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2021, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 245-250.

所属专题： 2021年英文专栏

• 工程应用与案例分析 • 上一篇    

影响老年人步行效能的关键性建成环境要素识别

李康康，杨东峰*   

  1. 大连理工大学，建筑与艺术学院，辽宁 大连 116024
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-12 修回日期:2021-02-21 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-04-25
  • 作者简介:李康康(1991- )，男，福建武平人，博士生。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目/General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52078095)。

Identification of Key Building Environment Factors Affecting Walking Efficiency of the Elderly

LI Kang-kang, YANG Dong-feng*   

  1. School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2021-01-12 Revised:2021-02-21 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-25

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摘要：

针对当前建成环境与老年人步行活动关系研究中，考虑个体主观感知嵌套于建成环境空间层次的不足，本文通过构建主观感知、建成环境与老年人步行距离效能的多阶层线性模型，以揭示各层级变量交互作用的本质和程度。结果显示：安全性、通畅性是老年人步行效能的主观敏感性因素；客观建成环境要素对不同步行距离效能存在一致性或差异性影响，其中，交叉口密度、 NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)植被系数、公共服务设施密度是一致性因素，容积率、路网密度分别对300 m与远距离出行作用明显；中介效应表明容积率是影响300 m步行活动空间内交通安全性的关键性因素，社区开放形式则会通过治安安全性影响老年人远距离出行， NDVI植被系数是老年人步行环境安全性重要影响因素。

关键词: 城市交通, 步行效能, 多阶层线性模型, 建成环境, 适老性规划

Abstract:

It appears that the current research on the relationship between built environment and walking activities of the elderly hasn't considered the relationship between individual subjective perception and the spatial hierarchy. This paper develops a multi-level linear model of subjective perception, built environment and walking distance efficiency of the elderly to reveal the nature and degree of interaction among variables at all levels. The results show that: safety and mobility are two subjective factors affecting the walking efficiency of the elderly. The impact of built environment factors on elderly walking distance efficiency shows either consistency or difference. The intersection density, NDVI vegetation coefficient and public service facilities density are the consistency factors, while the plot ratio and road network density have different impacts on the travel distance of 300 meters or longer. The mediating effect test shows that the floor area ratio is the key factor relevant to the traffic safety within 300-meter walking space; the community open form affects the elderly's long-distance travel through the security of surrounding areas; NDVI vegetation coefficient is also an important factor related to the elderly's walking environment security.

Key words: urban traffic, walking efficiency, multi-level linear model, built environment, aging planning

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