基于基尼系数分解的城乡公共交通不平等测度：
以浙江省海宁市为例

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.028

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2024, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 282-289.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.028

基于基尼系数分解的城乡公共交通不平等测度：以浙江省海宁市为例

姚志刚^*，王淑洁，龚林伟

长安大学，运输工程学院，西安 710061

收稿日期:2023-10-11 修回日期:2023-11-30 接受日期:2023-12-05 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-02-14
作者简介:姚志刚(1974- )，男，陕西澄城人，教授
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金(16BJY117)

Measuring Inequality of Bus Service Between Urban and Rural Areas Based on Decomposition of Gini Coefficient: A Case of Haining City in Zhejiang Province

YAO Zhigang^*, WANG Shujie, GONG Linwei

College of Transportation Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China)

Received:2023-10-11 Revised:2023-11-30 Accepted:2023-12-05 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-14
Supported by:
National Social Science Foundation of China (16BJY117)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探明城乡公共交通不平等来源及其变化特征对缩小城乡差距有重要意义，以浙江省海宁市为例，将站点可达性作为公共交通服务指标，以交通小区作为分析单元计算公共交通可达性，分别计算2011—2020年研究区域总体、城区、农村及城乡间的基尼系数，将总体基尼系数按城区和农村两个子群进行分解，分析城乡公共交通不平等来源及其演变特征。结果发现：总体基尼系数为0.7204~0.7736，城区基尼系数为0.5718~0.6058，农村基尼系数为0.5955~0.6390，城乡间基尼系数为0.8131~0.8710，研究区域公共交通严重不平等，城乡间不平等程度最大；2011—2020年间总体、城区、农村和城乡间的基尼系数分别下降了5.62%、6.88%、5.21%和6.65%，公共交通不平等不断改善；城乡间不平等对总体不平等的贡献率为63.03%~67.58%，是总体不平等的主要来源。研究表明，基尼系数分解能有效测度城乡公共交通不平等来源，缩小城乡间不平等是城乡客运均等化发展的重要任务。

关键词: 交通运输经济, 城乡不平等, 基尼系数分解, 公共交通, 可达性

Abstract: Investigating the factors that cause the inequality of bus service is essential to narrow the gap between urban and rural public transportation services. Taking Haining City of China as an example, this study uses the accessibility to bus services as an indicator of the public transportation services. Traffic analysis zones (TAZs) were used as units to calculate the accessibility to bus services. The Gini coefficients of the overall region, urban, rural and between urban and rural were calculated for the period from 2011 to 2020. The overall Gini coefficient was decomposed into urban and rural subgroups. The evolution of urban-rural inequality was analyzed. It was found that the Gini coefficient for the region ranges from 0.7204 to 0.7736. The Gini coefficient of urban area is between 0.5718 and 0.6058, the Gini coefficient of rural area is 0.5955 to 0.6390, and the Gini coefficient between urban and rural ranges from 0.8131 to 0.8710. The results indicate there is significant inequality of public transportation between urban and rural areas. However, the Gini coefficient of the overall region, urban, rural and between urban and rural decreased by 5.62% , 6.88%, 5.21% and 6.65% respectively from 2011 to 2020, which suggests the bus equality saw some improvements in the past years. The contribution of inequality between groups to the overall inequality ranges from 63.03% to 67.58%, which indicates the inequality between urban and rural contributes mainly to the overall inequality. The decomposition of Gini coefficient is an effective measure to analyze the regional inequality of public transportation. Improving the inequality between urban and rural is an important task to achieve an equitable regional public transportation.

Key words: transportation economy, urban-rural inequality, decomposition of Gini coefficient, public transport, accessibility

中图分类号:

姚志刚, 王淑洁, 龚林伟. 基于基尼系数分解的城乡公共交通不平等测度：以浙江省海宁市为例[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(1): 282-289.

YAO Zhigang, WANG Shujie, GONG Linwei. Measuring Inequality of Bus Service Between Urban and Rural Areas Based on Decomposition of Gini Coefficient: A Case of Haining City in Zhejiang Province[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2024, 24(1): 282-289.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2024.01.028

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V24/I1/282

参考文献

[1] 樊杰, 赵浩, 郭锐. 我国区域发展差距变化的新趋势与应对策略[J]. 经济地理, 2022, 42(1): 1-11. [FAN J, ZHAO H, GUO R. The new trend and coping strategies of regional development gap in China[J]. Economic Geography, 2022. 42(1): 1-11.]

[2] CHEN Z, YU S, YOU X, et al. New nighttime light landscape metrics for analyzing urban-rural differentiation in economic development at township: A case study of Fujian province, China[J]. Applied Geography, 2023, 150: 102841.

[3] 赵鹏军, 于昭, 贾雨田. 中国村镇居民跨区域出行与乡村地域系统调查研究[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(4): 498- 508. [ZHAO P J, YU Z, JIA Y T. Cross-regional travel and regional system of rural China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2020, 40(4): 498-508.]

[4] MARTíNEZ C F, HODGSON F, MULLEN C, et al. Creating inequality in accessibility: The relationships between public transport and social housing policy in deprived areas of Santiago de Chile[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2018, 67: 102-109.

[5] 毛保华, 王敏, 何天健, 等. 城市公共交通服务水平研究回顾和展望[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2022, 22 (1): 2-13. [MAO B H, WANG M, HE T J, et al. A review and prospect of urban public transit level-of-service research[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2022, 22(1): 2- 13.]

[6] LIU C, BARDAKA E. The suburbanization of poverty and changes in access to public transportation in the Triangle Region, NC[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2021, 90: 102930.

[7] VIGUIé V, LIOTTA C, PFEIFFER B, et al. Can public transport improve accessibility for the poor over the long term? Empirical evidence in Paris, 1968-2010[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2023, 106: 103473.

[8] 李旻芮, 高悦尔, 史志法, 等. 基于公平视角的城市公共交通资源空间分布研究: 以厦门市为例[J]. 城市发展研究, 2022, 29(3): 28-33. [LI M R, GAO Y E, SHI Z F, et al. Research on the spatial distribution evaluation of urban public transportation resources from the perspective of equity: Taking Xiamen as an example[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2022, 29(3): 28-33.]

[9] ZHOU Q, DAI D, WANG Y, et al. Decade-Long changes in disparity and distribution of transit opportunity in Shenzhen China: A transportation equity perspective[J]. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018, 2018: 1-16.

[10] PEREIRA M F, VALE D S, SANTANA P. Is walkability equitably distributed across socio-economic groups? A spatial analysis for Lisbon metropolitan area[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2023, 106: 103491.

[11] CURRIE G. Quantifying spatial gaps in public transport supply based on social needs[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2010, 18(1): 31-41.

[12] DAGUM C. A new approach to the decomposition of the Gini income inequality ratio[J]. Empirical Economics, 1997, 22(4): 515-531.

[13] 于文涛, 张可, 李静, 等. 基于出行数据的城市公交网络可达性研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2020, 20 (4): 106-112. [YU W T, ZHANG K, LI J, et al. Urban public transport network accessibility based travel data [J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2020, 20(4): 106-112.]

[14] CHEN J, NI J, XI C, et al. Determining intra-urban spatial accessibility disparities in multimodal public transport networks[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2017, 65: 123-133.

[1]	刘昭然, 诸立超. 中国省级层面货运结构调整的碳减排贡献[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(2): 24-33.
[2]	邓亚娟, 刘霜, 白钰, 刘文凤, 崔亮斌. 共享单车与公共交通多元关系分类及阈值研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(2): 208-216.
[3]	金嘉晨, 殷明. 全国港航科技创新网络结构特征及演化[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(1): 24-34.
[4]	苗婷婷, 黄海军. 双城系统的聚集外部性、拥堵外部性和最优收费[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(1): 46-54.
[5]	翁剑成, 张云飞, 林鹏飞, 李文杰. 基于就医活动推断的老年人公交就医可达性研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2024, 24(1): 221-229.
[6]	邬岚, 陆豪冬, 尹超英, 成迎吉, 任斯奇. 基于货运量及能源强度影响的长三角地区货运碳排放研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(6): 1-10.
[7]	李光春, 聂磊. 基于改进自适应大邻域算法的公交线网规划方法[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(5): 96-103.
[8]	申嘉琪, 刘浩, 张戎. 公路商品车运价测算及考虑燃油价格变动的铁路竞争力分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(4): 47-54.
[9]	温慧敏, 朱珊, 孙建平, 张建波, 张晶晶. 轨道新线对公共交通乘客吸引力影响因素研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(4): 282-289.
[10]	徐淑贤, 刘天亮, 王婷, 综凯, 黄海军, 马寿峰. 空间一般均衡视角下的城市交通管理研究：现状与趋势[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(3): 6-19.
[11]	陈坚, 李兆康, 周涛, 刘柯良, 孙琴梅. 基于用户均衡的双模式接驳公交一体化布局优化[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(3): 56-65.
[12]	刘浩, 申嘉琪, 张戎, 吴昊天, 张卓玮. 货运价格转换及基于揭示偏好数据的公铁竞争模型[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(3): 85-93.
[13]	杜鹏, 何思乐. 基于空间杜宾模型的城市轨道交通车站周边商业地产价格分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(3): 94-100.
[14]	樊东方, 靳志宏. 中美物流成本评价指标的影响因素分析及分解研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2023, 23(2): 32-39.
[15]	马书红, 陈西芳, 武亚俊, 邵恒, 张俊杰. 基于可达性的城市群交通网络公平性分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2022, 22(6): 51-59.

基于基尼系数分解的城乡公共交通不平等测度：以浙江省海宁市为例

Measuring Inequality of Bus Service Between Urban and Rural Areas Based on Decomposition of Gini Coefficient: A Case of Haining City in Zhejiang Province

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

基于基尼系数分解的城乡公共交通不平等测度： 以浙江省海宁市为例

Measuring Inequality of Bus Service Between Urban and Rural Areas Based on Decomposition of Gini Coefficient: A Case of Haining City in Zhejiang Province

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

基于基尼系数分解的城乡公共交通不平等测度：以浙江省海宁市为例