交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 343-352.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2025.05.031

• 工程应用与案例分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于寻路实验的综合客运枢纽引导标识效用评估与诊断方法

翁剑成1，王亦昊1，陈旭蕊1，高润鸿2，胡松*3   

  1. 1. 北京工业大学，交通工程北京市重点实验室，北京100124；2.北京市运输事业发展中心，北京100161；3. 交通运输部公路科学研究院，车路一体智能交通全国重点实验室，北京100088
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-22 修回日期:2025-07-06 接受日期:2025-07-18 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-10-25
  • 作者简介:翁剑成(1981—)，男，浙江金华人，教授，博士。
  • 基金资助:
    车路一体智能交通全国重点实验室开放基金课题(2024-B006)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2024-9071)。

Evaluation and Diagnostic Method for Effectiveness of Guidance Signs in Comprehensive Passenger Hubs Based on Wayfinding Experiments

WENG Jiancheng1, WANG Yihao1, CHEN Xurui1, GAO Runhong2, HU Song*3   

  1. 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; 2. Beijing Transportation Development Center, Beijing 100161, China; 3. State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System, Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China
  • Received:2025-05-22 Revised:2025-07-06 Accepted:2025-07-18 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-10-25
  • Supported by:
    State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System(2024-B006)；Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses Special Funds from the National Treasury (2024-9071)。

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摘要： 综合客运枢纽引导标识系统承担着指引抵站旅客快速抵达各接续方式接驳点的重要功能，其信息类别多、用户需求差异大且换乘路径复杂，充分发挥导视系统效用，辅助旅客高效便捷换乘是提升枢纽服务品质的重要目标。本文从抵站旅客的寻路行为出发，探究引导标识与寻路决策的关系，构建引导标识效用评估指标体系，基于Unity引擎与虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,VR)技术开发综合客运枢纽的三维虚拟仿真交互平台。以北京南站为例，设计不同路径的旅客寻路实验，引入最佳寻路比例和寻路速度两个指标，结合被试者的犹豫驻留次数、折返次数和错误转向次数，对枢纽空间的标识引导效果进行量化评估与诊断。评估结果显示，简单寻路任务的最佳寻路比例均超过85%，复杂寻路任务的最佳寻路比例均低于50%，且旅客在信息密集区域和决策点处易表现出较高的犹豫驻留次数、折返次数和错误转向次数。基于评估结果，本文实现了枢纽空间中引导标识待优化点位的精准鉴别与诊断。结果表明，虽然基于设计规范的枢纽空间引导标识系统符合视认要求，但同一引导标识在被试人员不同寻路任务中的效果存在显著差异。研究结果可为综合客运枢纽场站引导标识设计的优化提供定量化的诊断结果和针对性建议。

关键词: 城市交通, 效用评估, 虚实融合, 引导标识, 寻路行为, 换乘服务

Abstract: The guidance sign system in a comprehensive passenger hub plays a vital role in directing arriving passengers to connection points for various transfer modes. Given the wide range of information categories, significant variation in user demands, and the complexity of transfer routes, the effectiveness of guidance signs is important to support efficient and convenient passenger transfers and enhance the service quality of the hub. This study investigates the relationship between guidance signs and passengers’ routing decisions based on their wayfinding behaviors. The study proposes an index system to evaluate the effectiveness of guidance signs, and develops a three-dimensional virtual simulation platform for the comprehensive passenger hub based on the Unity engine and virtual reality (VR) technology. The case study is performed in Beijing South Railway Station with different wayfinding scenarios. Two key indicators: optimal path ratio and wayfinding speed are included. Combined with behavioral metrics such as the number of hesitation pauses, backtracking instances, and incorrect turns, the study conducts a quantitative evaluation and diagnostic analysis of the effectiveness of guidance signs. The results show that the optimal path ratio exceeds 85% in simple wayfinding tasks, and in complex tasks the optimal path ratio is below 50%. Passengers tend to exhibit more hesitation, backtracking, and errors in areas with dense information and at decision points, allowing for precise identification of locations within the hub where guidance signs require optimization. Although the current guidance sign system, designed in accordance with visual recognition standards, meets basic visibility requirements, its effectiveness varies significantly for different wayfinding tasks. This study provides a quantitative diagnostic approach and targeted recommendations for the optimization of guidance sign design in comprehensive passenger hubs.

Key words: urban traffic, effectiveness evaluation, virtual-real fusion, guidance signs, wayfinding behavior, transfer service

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