考虑交通-电力两网交互的电动集卡超充设施规划方法

doi:10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.01.028

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 305-317.DOI: 10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2026.01.028

考虑交通-电力两网交互的电动集卡超充设施规划方法

缪鸿志^a，王俊朋^a，吴佳雨^a，李歆蔚^b，郑建风^*a

大连海事大学，a.交通运输工程学院；b.法学院，辽宁大连116026

收稿日期:2025-08-04 修回日期:2025-09-09 接受日期:2025-09-12 出版日期:2026-02-25 发布日期:2026-02-17
作者简介:缪鸿志（1992—），男，山东东营人，讲师，博士。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4300300)；教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJC790101)。

Collaborative Planning of Electric Truck Supercharging Infrastructure Considering Transportation-Power Network Interactions

MIAO Hongzhi^a, WANG Junpeng^a, WU Jiayu^a, LI Xinwei^b, ZHENG Jianfeng^*a

a. College of Transportation Engineering; b. School of Law, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China

Received:2025-08-04 Revised:2025-09-09 Accepted:2025-09-12 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-02-17
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB4300300)；MOE Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Foundation (23YJC790101)。

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超充设施可满足配备大容量电池组电动集卡的快速补能需求，同时具有良好的技术成熟度和设施通用性，是推动港口集疏运领域电动化转型的关键支撑。然而，超充设施大规模部署不仅涉及交通系统内部效率优化，高功率充电负荷还可能对配电网形成显著冲击。本文提出考虑交通-电力两网交互的电动集卡超充设施协同规划方法。首先，针对多类型集装箱运输任务的能耗异质性特征，构建充电需求空间分布模型，准确刻画进出口和重空箱等不同运输模式下车队充电调度决策；其次，建立充电站容量配置双层优化框架，上层协调运输企业、充电运营商和电力公司等多方利益，下层刻画集卡车队充电选择均衡与电力系统运行均衡，并通过节点边际电价（LMP）实现两网交互。实例分析表明：本文方法使社会总成本降低7.66%，平均LMP降低54.53%，有效缓解了集中充电负荷对配电网冲击；优化后充电设施呈现多中心网络化布局，铁路枢纽和内陆集散区域成为充电中心，实现充电便利性与电网经济性平衡；在中等需求水平下协同规划方法效果显著，且能准确识别投资边际收益递减点。

关键词: 智能交通, 超充设施规划, 双层优化, 电动集卡, 交通-电力耦合网络

Abstract: Supercharging infrastructure, capable of meeting the rapid energy replenishment demands of electric trucks equipped with large-capacity battery packs while offering high technological maturity and facility universality, represents a critical pathway for advancing the electrification transformation in port collection and distribution operations. However, large-scale deployment of supercharging infrastructure involves not only internal efficiency optimization within the transportation system but also poses significant impacts on the power distribution network through high-power charging loads. This paper proposes a collaborative planning methodology for electric truck supercharging infrastructure that considers transportation- power network interactions. First, considering the heterogeneous energy consumption characteristics of multi-type container transportation tasks, this study develops a spatial charging demand distribution model to accurately characterize fleet charging scheduling decisions under different transportation modes, including import/export and laden/empty container movements. Then, this study establishes a bi-level optimization framework for charging station capacity configuration, where the upper level coordinates the interests of multiple stakeholders including transportation enterprises, charging operators, and power utilities, while the lower level captures the transportation enterprises charging choices and the power system operations, achieving two- network interaction through locational marginal pricing (LMP). The case study results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces total social costs by 7.66% while significantly decreasing average LMP by 54.53%, effectively mitigating the impact of concentrated charging loads on the distribution network. The optimized charging infrastructure exhibits a multi-center networked layout, with railway hubs and inland distribution areas emerging as charging centers, achieving a balance between charging convenience and grid economics. The collaborative planning demonstrates significant effectiveness at medium demand levels and accurately identifies the diminishing marginal returns point of investment.

Key words: intelligent transportation, supercharging infrastructure planning, bi-level optimization, electric container trucks; transportation-power coupled networks

中图分类号:

U495

缪鸿志, 王俊朋, 吴佳雨, 李歆蔚, 郑建风. 考虑交通-电力两网交互的电动集卡超充设施规划方法[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2026, 26(1): 305-317.

MIAO Hongzhi, WANG Junpeng, WU Jiayu, LI Xinwei, ZHENG Jianfeng. Collaborative Planning of Electric Truck Supercharging Infrastructure Considering Transportation-Power Network Interactions[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2026, 26(1): 305-317.

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http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V26/I1/305

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考虑交通-电力两网交互的电动集卡超充设施规划方法

Collaborative Planning of Electric Truck Supercharging Infrastructure Considering Transportation-Power Network Interactions

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