Abstract: Optimization of emergency vehicle scheduling is an effective way to reduce heavy casualties and property losses caused by incidents. Based on the analysis of the scheduling problem, decision variables, and objective function, the ideal scheduling model is formulated by minimizing the overall loss. As the model parameters are usually difficult to determine, the generalized response time is regarded as decision-making object and the real-time traffic conditions are set as a decision-making complement. Then a simplified optimization model is established by simplifying constraint conditions. Calculation of link travel time and intersection travel time is analyzed, and road service level is divided based on road traffic with urban emergency vehicle. As a result, the research based on the case of Weihai city in Shandong province shows that the simplified model is able to support an emergency vehicle scheduling optimization program, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: traffic engineering, emergency, vehicle scheduling, optimization

摘要： 优化应急车辆调度是降低突发事件造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失的有效手段. 在分析应急车辆调度问题、决策目标、决策变量和目标函数的基础上，构建了最小化整体损失的理想化调度模型. 针对该理想模型的参数难以确定的问题，提出以广义响应时间为基础，以实时交通量辅助决策，采用简化约束条件的方法建立了城市应急车辆调度的优化模型. 分析了路段行程时间和交叉口行程时间的计算，依据路段交通流量对城市应急车辆调度的影响划分道路服务等级. 基于威海市实际案例的分析结果表明，简化模型能够辅助优选应急车辆调度方案，验证了该方法的有效性.

关键词: 交通工程, 应急, 车辆调度, 优化