Abstract:

The transport capacity, construction and operation fund for the modern tram system are all between bus and subway, due to which it has a good application potential in medium cities and districts of large cities with low passenger transport demand. The present operation situation of modern tram in Melbourne et al is summarized. The characteristics of all-round control, entrusted operation and removed control for industry management pattern are analyzed. The research results illustrate that the domestic modern tram system is in the initial stage. During its development, the unified industry technical standards and management specification as well as effective supervision mechanism should be established for the transit integration. The infrastructure construction and service design of modern tram should be fused and replenished with bus and subway. The first choice for the industry management pattern of modern tram in its preliminary stage is entrusted operation. The local government needs to provide a certain subsidy. The encouraged contract is a suitable pattern, where the subsidy amount should be related to its operational performance, e.g. level of service.

Key words: urban traffic, modern tram, industry management pattern, transit integration, entrusted operation, subsidy

摘要：

在运力规模、建设及运营成本方面，现代有轨电车均介于常规公交和地铁之间，在中等城市及大城市客流密度较低区域具有较大的发展潜力.本文总结了墨尔本等城市现代有轨电车的运营现状，分析了全面管制型、委托运营型及解除管制型行业管理模式的特点.并指出：国内现代有轨电车的发展处于起步阶段，在发展过程中，应在公交一体化理念下，建立统一的行业技术标准、管理规范及有效的监督机制，在基础设施建设和服务产品设计上注重与常规公交、地铁的融合和互补，在运营初期采用委托运营管理模式，政府提供一定的财政补贴，补贴方式采用补贴额度与服务水平等运营绩效挂钩的激励性合约方式.

关键词: 城市交通, 现代有轨电车, 行业管理模式, 公交一体化, 委托运营, 补贴