Abstract: The terminal gate is always the only way which should be passed when container truck entering and exiting the container terminal. However, with the prosperity of container trade, gate system has been a bottleneck of container development. To improve the capacity and optimize the workflow of the gate system, a M/G/S/∞/∞/FCFS queuing system is investigated based on the current operation of the gate system. The efficiency of gate system is analyzed by the queuing theory, and the measures are presented to optimize the workflow of the terminal gate. The case studies prove that the service time is reduced and the efficiency is increased because of the improved workflow, the capacity of the whole terminal is thus improved.

Key words: waterway transportation, gate capacity, queuing theory, container terminal gate, M/G/S/∞/∞/FCFS queuing system

摘要： 集装箱码头闸口作业系统是外部集卡把集装箱运进或运出集装箱堆场必经的作业通道. 但是随着集装箱贸易的繁荣，闸口作业系统日渐成为集装箱码头发展的瓶颈. 为提高闸口系统的通过能力并优化闸口系统的作业流程，本文针对集装箱码头闸口作业现状，利用排队论方法研究了M/G/S/∞/∞/FCFS排队系统. 分析闸口作业系统的运营效率，并提出了改进的闸口作业流程. 实证分析表明，基于排队论设计的闸口作业流程可以缩短集卡在闸口停留时间，提高作业流程效率，从而提高整个集装箱码头的通过能力.

关键词: 水路运输, 闸口通过能力, 排队论, 集装箱码头闸口, M/G/S/∞/∞/FCFS排队系统