Abstract:

In many hazardous events, traffic demand is one of the key factors significantly influencing the regional evacuation route planning effect. This paper considers the different process of the loading and dispatching between heterogeneous dynamic traffic flows in the actual emergency evacuation process. First, a minimum cost flow model based on two heterogeneous dynamic traffic flows of evacuees and emergency supplies is developed. Second, a heuristic algorithm based on the minimum cost path and time extension is designed to solve the problems of two heterogeneous flows which cannot be dispatched with mixed and network flows change with time update. Finally, a case study is conducted to validate the feasibility and efficiency of the model and algorithm. The result shows that human response behavior affects the evacuation times, the degree of congestion and the amount of directed path. Meanwhile, adjusting the emergency supplies’ loading time and quantity according to the different evacuees’ response behavior parameters can effectively reduce the evacuation time. 

Key words: integrated transportation, evacuation route planning, traffic flows loading and dispatching, heterogeneous dynamic traffic flows, human response behavior

摘要：

在重大灾害事件中，交通需求是影响区域疏散路线规划效果的关键因素之一.考虑实际应急疏散过程中的异质动态交通流差异性装载和分配过程，建立了一种基于受灾人员和应急物资两种异质动态交通流的最小费用流模型;然后针对两种异质流不能混合分配、网络流占用随时间变化更新等特点,提出了一种基于时间扩展的最小费用路线启发式算法，最后给出了相应的算例验证了模型和算法的可行性.结果表明：受灾人员响应行为的快慢影响着疏散时间、拥塞程度、分配的有向路数目；同时针对不同的受灾人员响应行为，调整应急物资装载时刻和装载量，可以有效缩短疏散时间.

关键词: 综合交通运输, 疏散路线规划, 交通流装载与分配, 异质动态交通流, 受灾人员响应行为