Abstract:

Considering two major factors of truck transportation service and freight forwarding quote to the sensitive shipper, this study proposes a market competition model of container road transportation. The model involves more competitive truck operators and one freight forwarder and solves the game equilibrium through backward induction. The results indicate that with the application of valueadded service, truck operator receives lower profit due to burden cost of the upgrading service. However, the demand satisfaction of truck transportation market significantly increased, and the overall profit of truck operator and freight forwarder witnessed an increasing trend. Therefore, to motivate valueadded service of truck operator, the reasonable benefit distribution mechanism needs to be established between truck operator and freight forwarder, which provides benefits for the healthy development of truck operator and container transportation chain.

Key words: highway transportation, competition model, game equilibrium, price competition, valueadded service

摘要：

综合考虑托运人面对集卡运输服务和货运代理报价两大顾客选择因素，构建由多个竞争性集卡运营商和一个货运代理商组成的集装箱道路运输市场竞争模型，通过逆向归纳法求解博弈均衡并以上海港进行算例分析.研究发现：若集卡运营商采取提供增值服务策略，则一方面由于承担了增值服务所需成本而导致集卡运营商利润下降；另一方面，集装箱道路运输市场需求的满足程度不断提高，集卡运营商和货运代理商的整体利润也呈现增加趋势.因此，通过对集装箱运输链建立合理的利益分配机制，就能激励集卡运营商主动提供增值服务，从而改变当前集装箱道路运输市场在基本运输服务方面进行恶性价格竞争的局面，实现集卡运营商和集装箱运输链的健康发展.

关键词: 公路运输, 竞争模型, 博弈均衡, 价格竞争, 增值服务