Analysis of Micro-cars’Influence on Traffic Network Using a Microscopic Simulator

Abstract

Abstract:

The environmental effects and network performance of mixed traffic, consisting of micro-cars and conventional cars, on a small network are investigated using microscopic simulations. After calibrating the simulation model, the effects of three assumptions concerning micro-car speeds are investigated using the model. First, the parameters needed for network performance evaluation are determined iteratively. The power required to meet total travel demand is then computed to predict emissions. A higher ratio of micro-cars in the traffic reduces emissions, as does a lower micro-car speed. To investigate travel efficiency, the main parameters used are average speed, total travel time and total delay time. The results suggest that a higher ratio of micro-cars has a positive effect on the network when their speed is the same as or a slightly lower than that of conventional cars, while a higher ratio of micro-cars has a negative effect when their speed is close to the average traffic speed of the base model. To obtain a suitable balance between desired environmental effects and road network performance, we recommend that the desired speed of micro-cars be set to 40-45 km/h on a small urban traffic network.

Key words: urban traffic, micro-car, microscopic simulation, environmental burden, traffic network, VISSIM

摘要：

通过VISSIM进行微观仿真，研究微型车的加入对环境和城市交通小区网络的影响.首先根据实际路网在VISSIM中创建对象，建立基础仿真模型并完成校对.然后针对微型车期望速度作三种假设，并设定不同微型车比率.最后仿真计算网络交通功率总输出作为车辆尾气排放计算参考，网络总旅行时间、平均速度、延误时间作为网络表现参数.结果表明，低微型车期望车速和高比率导致更少尾气排放.当微型车期望车速等于或微小于普通小汽车期望速度时，高微型车比率更加缓解交通；但当其期望车速接近网络平均车速时，高微型车比率对交通网络有更消极影响.

关键词: 城市交通, 微型车, 微观仿真, 环境负担, 交通网络, VISSIM

CLC Number:

U489

MU Rui, YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki. Analysis of Micro-cars’Influence on Traffic Network Using a Microscopic Simulator[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2013, 13(6): 44-51.

穆蕊，山本俊行. 微型车对城市交通小区影响仿真分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2013, 13(6): 44-51.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/abstract/abstract18677.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/EN/Y2013/V13/I6/44

References

[1]Mitchell W J, Borroni-Bird C, Burns L D. Reinventing the automobile: Personal urban mobility for the 21st Century[M]. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2010.

[2]Evans L. Accident involvement rate and car size[J]. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 1984, 17(5): 409-418.

[3]Sparrow F T, Whitford R K. The coming mini/micro car crisis: Do we need a new definition[J]. Transportation Research Part A: General, 1984, 18(4): 289-303.

[4]Mu R, Yamamoto T. An analysis on mixed traffic flow of conventional passenger cars and microcars using a cellular automata model[J]. Procedia–Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012, 43: 457-465.

[5]Mu R, Yamamoto T. Analysis of the safety and environmental effects of introducing microcars into traffic flows[C]//Proc. 92nd Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C., 2013.

[6]Matsuhashi N, Hyodo T, Takahashi Y. Image processing analysis of motorcycle oriented mixed traffic flow in Vietnam[C]. Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2005.

[7]Velmurugan S, Madhu E, Ravinder K, et al. Critical evaluation of roadway capacity of multi-lane high speed corridors under heterogeneous traffic conditions through traditional and microscopic simulation models[J]. Journal of the Indian Roads Congress, October-December, 2010.

[8]Bains M S, Ponnu B, Arkatkar S S. Modeling of traffic flow on Indian expressways using simulation technique[J]. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012, 43: 475-493.

[9]Zhang G, Wang Y, Wei H, et al. A feedback-based dynamic tolling algorithm for high-occupancy toll lane operations[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2008, 2065: 54-63.

[10]Fellendorf M, Vortisch P. Validation of the microscopic traffic flow model VISSIM in different real-world situations[C]//Proc. 80th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C.,2001.

[11]Park, Schneeberger. Microscopic simulation model calibration and validation: Case study of VISSIM simulation model for a coordinated actuated signal system[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2003, 1856: 185-192.

[12]Horiguchi R, Yoshii T, Akahane H, et al. A benchmark data set for validity evaluation of road network simulation models[C]//Proc. 5th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, Seoul, 1998.

[13]Wiedermann R, Simulation des Straβenverkehrsflusses. Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Verkehrswesen der Universität Karlsruhe[M]. Heft 8, Germany, 1974.

[14] Wiedemann R, Vortisch P. Einfluß von Verkehrssituation und Verkehrsregelung auf das Fahrverhalten auf Bundesautobahnen[R]. Research report BASt 2.9362 of the German Highway Agengy (BASt), Bergisch Gladbach, Germany, May, 1994.

[15]Koupal J, Michaels H, Cumberworth M, et al. EPA's plan for moves: A comprehensive mobile source emissions model[C]//Proc. 12th CRC On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop, San Diego, 2002.

[16]Xu Y, Yu L, Song G, et al. VSP-Bin division for light-duty vehicles oriented to carbon dioxide[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2010, 30(7): 1358-1365.