Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Transport Demand Management and Sustainable Development of Urban Traffic

ZHANG Guo-wu

2007, 7(6): 1-10 .

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The topic of the 8th Conference of “Traffic and transportation Forum 7+1” is “Transport demand management and sustainable development of urban traffic”. It mainly discusses some views on transport demand management considering the sustainable development of urban traffic. The long-term measures of transport demand management are explored with practice of Beijing. It points out that there are some successful experience of several major cities in the world can be learned by Beijing. This conference also suggests that the compressive transport management should be implemented under the guidance of system framework.

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An analysis of travel patterns of the elders in Beijing

ZHANG Zheng, MAO Bao-hua, LIU Ming-jun, CHEN Jinchuan, GUO Ji-fu

2007, 7(6): 11-20 .

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On the basis of the information concerning individual travel behaviors of partial elders in the data of travel survey in Beijing in 2005, the Article analyzes and compares the individual travel features between the elders and the 19-60-year-old population in the aspects of travel ratios, travel time, travel distances, departure time, travel patterns and travel targets, analyzes the rules of variation of elders’ travel behaviors with age, compares the differences of the travel behaviors of the elders between the eight urban districts and the outer suburb districts and counties and studies the travel features and attributes of travel behaviors of the elders’ home-based travel chain. The research indicates that differences of the travel features between those 61-65-year-old elders and the 19-60–year-old contrastive population are small, travel ratio of the elders is slightly lower than that of the contrastive population, travel pattern is mainly walking, and the flexibility level is remarkably lower than that of the contrastive population; travel distance of the elders falls off sharply with age, and the factors, such as sexes, spouses, family structures, etc., have remarkable impact on the elders’ travel selection.

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Co-integration Analysis on the Relationship between the Development of China’s Transportation of Waterways and the National Economy

Cui Shu-dan,Li Xing-ye

2007, 7(6): 21-24 .

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Based on the theory of Co-integration and Granger causal relationship, Co-integration and Granger causal relationship between transportation of waterways and the national economy have been tested. The results show that there is no Co-integration between freight turnover volume, passenger turnover volume and GDP. Freight turnover volume is Granger causation of GDP. Passenger turnover volume is Granger causation of Freight turnover volume. Finally, the conclusion and suggestions on the development of transportation of waterways have been put forward..

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Establish and Manage Jurisdiction-wide Traffic Monitoring Systems: North American Experiences

ZHONG Ming,LIU Guo-xin

2007, 7(6): 25-38 .

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With the rapid motorization process in China, an increasingly complicated highway transportation system has been developed. Reliable national and provincial traffic monitoring systems are becoming necessary. A review of experiences from developed countries in North America can be helpful for highway administrations and agencies to design and implement effective and efficient traffic monitoring systems. Highway agencies in North America have over time developed “standard” traffic monitoring systems based on guidelines from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Common practices are adopted based on analyses of system accuracy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. The common practices can produce equivalent and comparable traffic summary statistics, which are able to support sensible decision-makings at all aspects of highway transportation. The experiences of highway agencies, current practices, and related guidelines in North America are therefore presented first. Principles for guiding development and operation of traffic data programs are then summarized and reviewed. Existing problems and active research for traffic monitoring practices and standards are also identified and discussed. It is believed that the reviewed experiences, guidelines and principles will be helpful for China to establish effective and common-practice based “standard” traffic monitoring systems.

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Design and Realization of Transportation Information Integration System
Based on Web Services

LV Bin, NIU Hui-min

2007, 7(6): 39-44 .

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This paper analyzes the necessity of data integration in transportation system and the methods and technology of data integration are summarized and compared. Based on the development and demand of transportation information, we come to the conclusion that Web Services is one of the best frameworks in constructing transportation information integration. The framework and features of Web Services are then analyzed, and the schema of transportation heterogeneous data integration system is achieved. Associated with VS.Net platform and with the help of the example about passenger transportation management system, the method and specific procedures of transportation heterogeneous data integration are illustrated.

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Simulation Study of Urban Freeway On-ramp Metering Algorithms on PARAMICS

FAN Li-quan,CHEN Yang-zhou, LI Zhen-long

2007, 7(6): 45-50 .

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Based on the analysis of urban freeway on-ramp control, an on-ramp model is developed and simulated via the microscopic transportation simulation software PARAMICS using three on-ramp control Algorithms (ALINEA, NEW-CONTROL, and MIXED-CONTROL). The results indicate that all of these algorithms can effectively ameliorate the traffic congestion on the freeway. The differences of these algorithms are also analyzed from the aspect of characteristics of traffic flow and algorithms. MIXED-CONTROL not only optimizes the traffic flow on the mainline but also reduces the vehicle queue of the on-ramp, which is superior to other two control strategies especially in the case of high-demand. The evidence provides that MIXED-CONTROL is a better traffic responsive ramp metering algorithms for real-world implementation.

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Review of Wuli-Shili-Renli System Approach

GU Ji-fa, TANG Xi-jin, ZHU Zheng-xiang

2007, 7(6): 51-60 .

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Wuli-Shili-Renli (WSR) system approach is a kind of Oriental system methodologies, which has been acknowledged abroad and at home. WSR was proposed by Gu and Zhu during Gu’s visit to Hull University in England. This paper introduces the basic content, procedure, tool, principle and main applications of the approach. The applications cover different fields, such as water resource management, the development of the standard system for commerce, various evaluations for projects and organizations etc. This paper explores the methods for dealing with the Renli.

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A Joint Optimization Model of Road Tolls and Capacities Using the Optimal Control Theory

Guo Renyong, Huang Haijun

2007, 7(6): 61-66 .

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This paper presents a joint optimization model of time varying road tolls and capacities using the optimal control theory in disequilibrium traffic networks with elastic demand. The model aims at maximizing the total network benefit from travel within the study horizon. Referring to the discrete version of the model, the first-order optimality conditions are derived by using the maximum principle and are employed to design an iterative solution method for the model. Numerical results obtained from an example network are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model and the solution method.

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Research on CFCM：Car Following Model based on Cloud Model Theory

Jia Shunping MAO Baohua

2007, 7(6): 67-73 .

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Driving decision in the car following model is a complex process of reasoning, deciding and executing. There are a lot of vagueness and randomness in knowledge description and reasoning mechanism. Through the analysis of the problem of recent research, the paper has applied cloud model theory to car following model. Based on the description of processing of different decision information and car following pattern, the paper defines the decision variables and concept judging subset and designs experimental methods of model parameter calibration. On the basis of plenty of experimental data, the paper has calculated the membership cloud eigenvalue of related parameters, summarized the reasoning mechanism of car following cloud based on the behavior rules, and finally constructed the car following cloud model (CFCM).

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Study on Evaluation Method of Congestion Charge in Urban Center Areas

Wu Zixiao, Ding Ming

2007, 7(6): 74-79 .

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Congestion charge has been used as one of the effective tools to reduce congestion in urban center areas. This paper explores qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods for congestion charge in urban center areas, based on comprehensive analysis of the experiences in foreign cities and related studies. This paper presents the qualitative evaluation system from, respectively, users’, managers’ and society’s points of view, and develops a disaggregate network equilibrium model for congestion charge. The model, implemented in EMME/2, has been used to evaluate tolling schemes on bridges connecting Xiamen Island to the inland area and its validity has been verified. Combination of qualitative and quantitative methods can provide scientific basis for the evaluation of congestion charge in urban center areas.

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Analysis and Application for Urban Inhabitant Travel Demand Models

He Ruichun, Li Yinzhen, Zhang Junyi, Akimasa Fujiwara

2007, 7(6): 80-84 .

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Transport planners often need to forecast impacts on travel demand of transport policies, e.g., construction of a new transport alternative, changing public transit fares, or imposing road pricing schemes. On the other hand, the choices of urban transportation systems are influenced by various factors. These factors include the levels of transportation services (e.g., travel time, cost, frequency, number of transfer), and the attributes of trip makers (e.g., age, gender, occupation, income). Trip makers have to balance the influences of these factors. To make choice of the urban transportation systems, it is expected that trip makers evaluate the levels of services based on their experiences. In this paper, a Multinomial Logit model is proposed, and a data set has been collected from a recent survey, which was carried out in Lanzhou city of China. It is expected that the travel behavior might be heterogeneous among trip makers and, the response (or parameter of) to the level of service is defined as a function of the attributes of the trip maker. In addition, the paper is also aimed at proposing some urban transportation policies based on a new type of discrete choice model.

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Modeling income distribution of the auto fare collection system

Zhao Feng, Zhang Xingchen, Mao Baohua, Liu Zhili

2007, 7(6): 85-90 .

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To be seasoned with the need of city development, many cities are accelerating the construction of rail traffic network. The private corporations have signed the public-private-partnership protocol with government. It means that management authority changed from one to more. At the same time, how to ensure the benefits of different operation companies, and maintain the high operational quality of rail traffic network, to draw the reasonable agreement of income distribution is very important. This paper analyzes the influence facts and principles of income distribution, builds models to find the available routes and built the multi-route choice model based on probability. Revises the enumerate algorithm to guarantee the integrity of routes set. Estimates the parameters by rail traffic investigation. And developed a c++ program to search the available routes and does the calculation of income distribution percentage. Carry out sensitivity analysis of different facts to make sure the influence degree on route choice behavior of passengers. Finally presents the suggestion to operation companies on how to improve the performance.

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Calculation Method of Exclusive Right-turn Lane in Highway Intersection

Wu Qun, Xiang Qiaojun, Lu Jian, Lu Chuan

2007, 7(6): 91-94 .

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Researches have been constructed on the establishing condition and methodology of exclusive right-turn lanes on the basis of summarizing the domestic and foreign researches. Through microscopic analysis of the right-turn vehicles’ curve process, this paper has proposed the length computational method of the offset exclusive right-turn lanes at signalized and non-signalized highway intersections. Moreover, by analysizing the influence of unusual vehicles on non-offset exclusive right-turn lanes, it has presented the length computational method of non-offset exclusive right-turn lanes.

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Analysis and Demonstration of the Traveler’s Route Choice Behavior Rule Based on the Prospect Theory

Xu Hongli, Zhou Jing, Chen Xingguang

2007, 7(6): 95-101 .

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In this investigation, a method that can be used to analyze the traveler’s route choice behavior based on utility measuration is advanced. Besides, a set of survey data is analyzed in this method from the aspects of traditional “Expected Value Theory” and “Prospect Theory” correspondingly. It is tested that utility measuration is the basic rule during the traveler’s rout choice process. This investigation also verifies the consistence of the travelers’ and common economic bodies’ utility measuration systems. Finally, it points out the importance of the assuming traveler’s attitude to risk exactly with a figure.

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Improved Grey Uniform Analysis for Relationship between Transit Ridership and Its Influence Factors

Gao Yongling, Yang Hao

2007, 7(6): 102-108 .

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With the guidance of public transport priority development ideas, it is very important to discuss the main affecting factors which are grey correlated to transit ridership in cities. Firstly, this paper selects ten affecting factors reflecting the service level of public transportation and urban development. Secondly, the paper puts forward an improved grey uniform analysis (IGUA) algorithm which considers the differences in change rate and negative correlation factors. Moreover, the difference degree is defined to determine the length of time series which considers the influence of dimensionless methods on analysis results. Finally, the paper takes Beijing as an example to validate the IGUA. Through the comparison analysis, the effectiveness of the IGUA is proved.

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Design and Implementation of the Automatic Temperature Detector and Monitor System for Qinghai-Tibet Railway Tundra

Feng Yunmei, Shen Haiyan, Wang Fuzhang, Jiang Qiuhua

2007, 7(6): 109-113 .

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Through the analysis of the present situation and the actual demand of Qinghai-Tibet Railway tundra data acquisition, this paper has proposed the overall project design scheme of long-distance wireless automatic monitor system and described the system function, the composition structure and the project implementation in detail. It has been proved through practice that the system fundamentally solved the manual data acquisition problem in Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

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Study on the Characteristics and Countermeasures of Motorcycle
Traffic in Shantou

Wu Ming, Su Junliang

2007, 7(6): 114-119 .

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Based on the analysis of the motorcycle traffic trip characteristics in Shantou, the problems of motorcycle traffic are discussed. The paper has also provided the detailed countermeasures that can be used for reference by other cities of the same type. At last the programming theory and practice of the public transport service system based on the integration of urban and rural regions are discussed.

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Analysis of Left-Turn-Lane Warrants at Unsignalized T-Intersections

Huang Min,Chang Yulin, Chen Fenglin

2007, 7(6): 120-124 .

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Based on the gap acceptance theory and queuing theory, traffic characteristics of left-turn vehicles on the unsignalized T-intersections is analyzed with the probability theory. The service rate model of the left-turn vehicles on the unsignalized T-intersections has been set up, and the arrival rate model of the left-turn vehicles which are blocked by the opposing through vehicles and followed by one or more advancing through vehicles has also been set up. Given them in the queuing system, the probability-based model of justifying a left-turn-lane at the unsignalized T-intersections is modified. The paper has calculated the critical volume combinations of some left turn rates and drawn the critical volume combinations curves, which can be used to justify a left-turn-lane at unsignalized T-intersection. These curves have instructional significance on engineering practice of unsignalized intersection, such as planning, designing, constructing and administrating.

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