交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2007, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (4): 111-114 .

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

考虑驾驶水平的元胞自动机交通流模型

花伟1 , 许良2   

  1. 1 铁道科学研究院运输及经济研究所 北京 100081
    2 燕山大学经济管理学院 河北 066004
  • 收稿日期:2007-04-20 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-08-25 发布日期:2007-08-25

A New Cellular Automaton Model with Consideration of Driving Ability

Hua Wei1 , Xu Liang2   

  1. 1 Transport and Economics Research Institute，China Academy of Railway Sciences，Beijing，100081，China
    2 School of Economics and Management，Yanshan University，Hebei，066004，China
  • Received:2007-04-20 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-08-25 Published:2007-08-25

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摘要： 元胞自动机模型在城市交通流特性的研究和模拟方面非常有效，可在先前的元胞自动机交通流模型中，没有反映车辆驾驶者水平对车流行进的影响。目前北京市有近1/3的驾驶者为新司机，他们的存在直接影响着北京市的交通状况。为了能够反映出驾驶者水平与车流之间的关系，在新模型中引入了驾驶水平因子，以反映驾驶者的不同水平。通过计算机模拟，发现当驾驶者的水平一致且较高时，车流相当流畅，而新司机的加入则造成车流中出现了自由相与堵塞相的全局性交替，类似于波的传播，而且新司机越多，波的周期越短，波峰走向与水平方向的夹角越陡。

关键词: 交通流, 元胞自动机, 减速概率, 驾驶水平

Abstract: It is very effective to study and simulate urban traffic flow by using cellular automaton (CA) model. But in the foregoing CA models they do not specially consider how different driving abilities impact on the whole vehicle movement. Nowadays, nearly 30 percent of drivers are new drivers in Beijing and they have contributed directly to traffic jams, and even to traffic accidents. In order to exhibit the relation between drivers’ skill and vehicular movement, a new CA model is proposed by introducing one factor to represent driving ability. Some simulations have been done and show that the attendance of new drivers slows down the average velocity of the whole traffic flow. When all drivers have better abilities, cars run quite smoothly. After new drivers join, global alternations between free flow and traffic jam appear in the whole vehicular flow. It looks like wave promulgation. And the more new drivers exist, the shorter the wave periods become. The angle of wave crest to horizontal direction is also sharper.

Key words: traffic flow, cellular automata, deceleration probability, driving ability

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